The opportunity of direct seeding to mitigate greenhouse gas emission from paddy rice field

Susilawati, Helena Lina; Setyanto, Prihasto; Kartikawati, Rina; Sutriadi, Mas Teddy

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/393/1/012042

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Furthermore, the short duration rice variety CAR14 was considered a climate smart rice variety contributing very less to global warming (Figure 3B). Similarly, in Indonesia 46% [47] and in China 54% [48] lower global warming potential was reported in DSR compared to PTR.…”

Section: Green-house Gas Emissionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effective Crop Management and Modern Breeding Strategies to Ensure Higher Crop Productivity under Direct Seeded Rice Cultivation System: A Review

Sandhu

Yadav²,

Singh

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Paddy production through conventional puddled system of rice cultivation (PTR) is becoming more and more unsustainable—economically and environmentally—as this method is highly resource intensive and these resources are increasingly becoming scarce, and consequently, expensive. The ongoing large-scale shift from puddled system of rice cultivation PTR to direct seeded rice (DSR) necessitates a convergence of breeding, agronomic and other approaches for its sustenance and harnessing natural resources and environmental benefits. Current DSR technology is largely based on agronomic interventions applied to the selected varieties of PTR. In DSR, poor crop establishment due to low germination, lack of DSR-adapted varieties, high weed-nematode incidences and micronutrient deficiency are primary constraints. The approach of this review paper is to discuss the existing evidences related to the DSR technologies. The review highlights a large number of conventionally/molecularly characterized strains amenable to rapid transfer and consolidation along with agronomic refinements, mechanization and water-nutrient-weed management strategies to develop a complete, ready to use DSR package. The review provides information on the traits, donors, genes/QTL needed for DSR and the available DSR-adapted breeding lines. Furthermore, the information is supplemented with a discussion on constrains and needed policies in scaling up the DSR adoption.

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Section: Green-house Gas Emissionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effective Crop Management and Modern Breeding Strategies to Ensure Higher Crop Productivity under Direct Seeded Rice Cultivation System: A Review

Sandhu

Yadav²,

Singh

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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“…A similar study was conducted at the Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute (IAERI), Central Java, Indonesia. Susilawati [ 231 ] reported that CH 4 emissions were 47% less in DSR than PTR. GWP reduced by 46.4% under DSR without any significant loss of yield.…”

Section: Drivers Of Shift From Puddled Transplanting To Direct Seedin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic and Environmental Determinants of Direct Seeded Rice in South Asia

Chaudhary

Venkatramanan

Mishra³

2022

Circ.Econ.Sust.

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Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food of more than 50% of the world’s population. Manual puddled transplanted rice (PTR) system is still the predominant method of rice establishment. However, due to declining water tables, increasing water scarcity, water, labor- and energy-intensive nature of PTR, high labor wages, adverse effects of puddling on soil health and succeeding crops, and high methane emissions, this production system is becoming less profitable. These factors trigger the need for an alternative crop establishment method. The direct-seeded rice (DSR) technique is gaining popularity because of its low input demand compared to PTR. It is done by sowing pre-germinated seeds in puddled soil (wet-DSR), standing water (water seeding), or dry seeding on a prepared seedbed (dry-DSR). DSR requires less water and labor (12–35%), reduces methane emissions (10–90%), improves soil physical properties, involves less drudgery and production cost (US$9–125 per hectare), and gives comparable yields. Upgraded short-duration and high-yielding varieties and efficient nutrient, weed, and resource management techniques encouraged the farmers to switch to DSR culture. However, several constraints are associated with this shift: more weeds, the emergence of weedy rice, herbicide resistance, nitrous oxide emissions, nutrient disorders, primarily N and micro-nutrients, and an increase in soil-borne pathogens lodging etc. These issues can be overcome if proper weed, water, and fertilizer management strategies are adopted. Techniques like stale bed technique, mulching, crop rotation, Sesbania co-culture, seed priming, pre-emergence and post-emergence spray, and a systematic weed monitoring program will help reduce weeds. Chemical to biotechnological methods like herbicide-resistant rice varieties and more competitive allelopathic varieties will be required for sustainable rice production. In addition, strategies like nitrification inhibitors and deep urea placement can be used to reduce N 2 O emissions. Developing site and soil-specific integrated packages will help in the broader adoption of DSR and reduce the environmental footprint of PTR. The present paper aims to identify the gaps and develop the best-bet agronomic practices and develop an integrated package of technologies for DSR, keeping in mind the advantages and constraints associated with DSR, and suggest some prospects. Eco-friendly, cost-effective DSR package offers sustainable rice production systems with fewer resources and low emissions. Graphical abstract

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“…This practice makes the soil environment anaerobic, by decreasing the redox potential (<-150 mV) there by results in the anaerobic degradation of complex organic substrates by methanogens and the production of CH 4 (Islam et al, 2020). Various strategies for mitigating CH 4 emission from rice cultivation include water management practices, particularly promoting intermittent drainage and alternate wetting and drying (AWD) (Minamikawa and Yagi, 2009), system of rice intensification (SRI) (Gathorne et al, 2013); improving organic management by composting; using rice cultivars with few unproductive tillers, high root oxidative activity and high harvest index (Zheng et al, 2014); application of fermented manure like biogas slurry (Petersen, 2018) and adopting direct-seeding of rice (DSR) (Susilawati et al, 2019). Methane emissions differ across agro climate (rice growing seasons), soil types, locations (due to difference in organic carbon) (Gaihre et al, 2011;Datta et al, 2013;Sun et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas emissions in irrigated paddy rice as influenced by crop management practices and nitrogen fertilization rates in eastern Tanzania

Mboyerwa

Kibret

Mtakwa

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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In rice production greenhouse gas emission (GHG) reduction is an important task for many countries, Tanzania included. Of global agricultural GHG emitted from rice fields, about 30 and 11% are represented by CH4 and N2O, respectively. For successful climate smart rice cultivation, rice management practices, including nitrogen fertilization are two key crucial components that need evaluation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the crop management practices and N fertilization on yield and greenhouse gases emission in paddy rice production, Experiments were designed in split-plot randomized complete block and replicated three times. Two rice management practices namely conventional practice (CP) and system of rice intensification (SRI) and six rates of nitrogen fertilizer (absolute control, 0, 60, 90,120 and 150 kg N ha−1) were applied in two consecutive seasons. The Source-selective and Emission-adjusted GHG CalculaTOR for Cropland (SECTOR) was used to calculate the GHG emission. Methane emission was in the range of 88.7–220.6 kg ha−1season−1, where higher emission was recorded in CP treatments (ABC, CP 0 and CP 120N) compared to SRI treatments. SRI reduced methane and carbon dioxide emission by 59.8% and 20.1% over CP, respectively. Seasonal nitrous oxide emissions was in the range of no detected amount to 0.0002 kgN2O ha−1 where SRI treatments recorded up to 0.0002 kgN2O ha−1 emissions while in CP treatment no amount of N2O was detected. The interaction of system of rice intensification and 90 kg N ha−1 (SRI90N) treatment recorded higher grains yield (8.1, 7.7 t ha−1) with low seasonal global warming potential (GWP) (3,478 and 3,517 kg CO2e ha−1) and low greenhouse gas intensity (0.42, 0.45 kg CO2e per kg paddy) compared to other treatments in wet and dry season, respectively. Therefore, SRI with 90 kg N was the treatment with mitigation potential and reduced GWP without compromising rice yield.

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The opportunity of direct seeding to mitigate greenhouse gas emission from paddy rice field

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Effective Crop Management and Modern Breeding Strategies to Ensure Higher Crop Productivity under Direct Seeded Rice Cultivation System: A Review

Effective Crop Management and Modern Breeding Strategies to Ensure Higher Crop Productivity under Direct Seeded Rice Cultivation System: A Review

Agronomic and Environmental Determinants of Direct Seeded Rice in South Asia

Greenhouse gas emissions in irrigated paddy rice as influenced by crop management practices and nitrogen fertilization rates in eastern Tanzania

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