The Opioid Epidemic

Upp, Lily; Waljee, Jennifer F.

doi:10.1016/j.cps.2019.12.005

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, the need for surgeries and anesthesia has increased and will continue to increase over the next decade [27]. This trend has correlated with the increase in opioid prescribing to treat patients postoperatively and there has been an increase of 70% in the average total of morphine equivalents prescribed for postoperative pain leading to increased opioid-related morbidity and mortality [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the prescribing of opioids to help manage postoperative pain is not appropriate for everyone. On the other side of the spectrum, the opioid crisis has led to increased healthcare costs and loss of productivity by $100 billion per year [5]. Finding new strategies to properly control pain will drastically decrease the cost burden on the healthcare system and efficiently allow us to utilize healthcare resources [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Dive Into Oliceridine and Its Novel Mechanism of Action

Shah¹,

Shah²,

Fahim³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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The current state of the opioid epidemic has revealed the need of utilizing proper pain management, especially in the postoperative setting where there is overuse of potent analgesics. However, the adequate treatment of pain is necessary to reduce mortality and cost of burden while increasing recovery and improving quality of life. Treatment of pain can be difficult to standardize as the guidelines from the American Pain Society discuss the importance of tailoring treatment options based on a patient's sensitivities and risk factors. An effective fast-acting analgesic with adequate potency and few adverse events is the key to alleviating acute pain. Oliceridine (Olinvyk ® , Trevena Inc., Chesterbrook, USA) is a novel G protein-biased μ-opioid receptor agonist designed to decrease opioid-related adverse events (ORAEs) compared to conventional opioids. This article discusses oliceridine's novel mechanism of action and current place in therapy. After a literature search on clinicaltrials.gov, three clinical trials were analyzed to understand the safety and efficacy of oliceridine. These trials demonstrated a comparable efficacy to morphine with a decreased risk for serious adverse events. However, further studies need to be conducted to evaluate the true safety impact of oliceridine compared to conventional opioids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dive Into Oliceridine and Its Novel Mechanism of Action

Shah¹,

Shah²,

Fahim³

et al. 2021

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The drug overdose crisis has resulted in the death of nearly 500,000 individuals between 1999 and 2018, the majority related to the opioid class of drugs [e.g., prescription pain relievers, synthetic opioids (fentanyl derivatives), heroin] ( Upp and Waljee, 2020 ). In addition to opioid overdoses, cocaine- and methamphetamine-related fatalities increased nearly 30%, by approximately 10 deaths daily, between 1999 and 2018 ( Hedegaard et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Covid-19 and Substance Use Disorder (Sud) Syndemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid-19 interface with drug misuse and substance use disorders

Cisneros

Cunningham

2021

Neuropharmacology

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“…Over the past two decades, mortality attributed to opioid dependence has increased, and the opioid epidemic is now a priority for public health globally. , The epidemic has been fueled by a shift from prescription opioid use to heroin use and more recently to illicitly manufactured fentanyl . Traditional treatments for opioid use disorders have typically relied on either opioid agonists, i.e., methadone/buprenorphine, or opioid antagonists including naltrexone and naloxone.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although successful for many individuals, these options have drawbacks such as limited ability to attract and keep patients in treatment . In addition, these therapies may allow addiction to persist and even incur overdose; therefore, it is critical to trial alternatives. , …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of a Heroin Vaccine through Hapten Deuteration

et al. 2020

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The United States is in the midst of an unprecedented epidemic of opioid substance use disorder, and while pharmacotherapies including opioid agonists and antagonists have shown success, they can be inadequate and frequently result in high recidivism. With these challenges facing opioid use disorder treatments immunopharmacotherapy is being explored as an alternative therapy option and is based upon antibody−opioid sequestering to block brain entry. Development of a heroin vaccine has become a major research focal point; however, producing an efficient vaccine against heroin has been particularly challenging because of the need to generate not only a potent immune response but one against heroin and its multiple psychoactive molecules. In this study, we explored the consequence of regioselective deuteration of a heroin hapten and its impact upon the immune response against heroin and its psychoactive metabolites. Deuterium (H dAc ) and cognate protium heroin (H Ac ) haptens were compared head to head in an inclusive vaccine study. Strikingly the H dAc vaccine granted greater efficacy in blunting heroin analgesia in murine behavioral models compared to the H Ac vaccine. Binding studies confirmed that the H dAc vaccine elicited both greater quantities and equivalent or higher affinity antibodies toward heroin and 6-AM. Blood−brain biodistribution experiments corroborated these affinity tests. These findings suggest that regioselective hapten deuteration could be useful for the resurrection of previous drug of abuse vaccines that have met limited success in the past.

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The Opioid Epidemic

Cited by 46 publications

References 45 publications

A Dive Into Oliceridine and Its Novel Mechanism of Action

A Dive Into Oliceridine and Its Novel Mechanism of Action

Covid-19 interface with drug misuse and substance use disorders

Enhancement of a Heroin Vaccine through Hapten Deuteration

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