The open string membrane paradigm with external electromagnetic fields

Kim, Keun‐Young; Shock, Jonathan P.; Tarrío, Javier

doi:10.1007/jhep06(2011)017

Cited by 49 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 86 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This field induces a modified metric [19] on the probe brane with a horizon at temperature T * [38]. We show explicitly that Hawking radiation from the emergent horizon generates current fluctuations in the boundary that are thermal at temperature T * (see Fig.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hawking Radiation and Nonequilibrium Quantum Critical Current Noise

Sonner

Green

2012

Phys. Rev. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The dynamical scaling of quantum critical systems in thermal equilibrium may be inherited in the driven steady-state, leading to universal out-of-equilibrium behaviour. This attractive notion has been demonstrated in just a few cases. We demonstrate how holography -a mapping between the quantum critical system and a gravity dual -provides an illuminating perspective and new results. Non-trivial out-of-equilibrium universality is particularly apparent in current noise, which is dual to Hawking radiation in the gravitational system. We calculate this in a 2-dimensional system driven by a strong in-plane electric field and deduce a universal scaling function interpolating between previously established equilibrium and far-from-equilibrium current noise. Since this applies at all fields, out-of-equilibrium experiments no longer require very high fields for comparison with theory. PACS numbers:Relatively few general principles are known that govern the behaviour of quantum systems driven out of equilibrium [1][2][3][4]. Those discovered do not constrain the system as tightly as those of equilibrium thermodynamics. For quantum critical systems, there may be additional principles leading to universal out-of-equilibrium behaviour. Quantum critical systems display dynamical scaling in thermal equilibrium [5]. Since non-equilibrium steady states are largely determined by dynamics, one might anticipate that this scaling is inherited by the driven steady state. This has been seen in a few cases [6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, analysis of out-of-equilibrium behaviour is fraught with conceptual and calculational difficulties. New insights and approaches are required.Holography provides one such approach [12,13]. It utilizes a mapping between gauge theory in d dimensions and string theory in d + 1 dimensions; the classical gravity saddlepoint of the string theory corresponding to a strongly-correlated quantum state of the gauge theory. In this way, holography encodes quantum many-body correlations in a classical, gravitational metric, allowing complementary physical insights and calculational tools to be brought to bear [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].Here, we apply the holographic technique to the study of non-linear current noise -dual to Hawking radiationat a two-dimensional z = 1 quantum critical point driven by an in-plane electric field. We find a noise power(1) interpolating between Johnson-Nyquist noise at low fields and previous results at high-fields [8]. Whilst driven out-of-equilibrium steady-state distributions are generally very different from those in equilibrium, holography reveals that the out-of-equilibrium fluctuations of a quantum critical system may be precisely thermal. * Electronic address: js499@cam.ac.uk Our calculation is carried out in a probe-brane limit with boundary conditions corresponding to the application of the in-plane electric field [11]. This field induces a modified metric [19] on the probe brane with a horizon at temperature T * [38]. We show explicitly that Hawking radiation from the emerge...

show abstract

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hawking Radiation and Nonequilibrium Quantum Critical Current Noise

Sonner

Green

2012

Phys. Rev. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Note that our definition of the mean velocity is different from J nq /ρ which is referred to as the "net velocity" in [11]. Here, J nq is the contribution to the current due to the existence of the doped charge carriers dragged by the external electric field.…”

Section: Phenomenological Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first equation indicates that −Qx t is understood as the velocity of the analog black hole [11] from the viewpoint of the original coordinates. By using the explicit representations of G xt and G xx ,…”

Section: Open-string Metric and Mean Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11], the "net velocity" J nq /ρ is defined by using J nq that is the contribution to the current due to the existence of the doped charge carriers dragged by the external electric field. It has been shown that the net velocity agrees with the velocity of the analog black hole at the limit where the pair creation process is negligible (for example, at the large mass limit or at the high charge density limit).…”

Section: Open-string Metric and Mean Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been found that analog black holes that describe NESS at finite current densities have a "velocity" [11]. The velocity is read at the horizon of the analog black hole following the standard black hole physics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Phenomenological construction of new dictionaries for holographic conductors

Hoshino

Nakamura

2017

Phys. Rev. D

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We propose new dictionaries for holographic conductors that enable us to compute carrier densities and mean velocities of charge carriers in the system. The carrier density, which differs from the charge density, is the total number density of both the positive and the negative charge carriers. The mean velocity is the mean value of the velocities of all charge carriers. These quantities are not conjugate to the sources that are given by boundary values of bulk fields, and we cannot compute them by using the conventional method in holography.In the present work, we introduce a phenomenological model of charge transport, and we establish the dictionary by comparing the results of the phenomenological model and those from the holography. We show that the mean velocity agrees with the velocity of an analog black hole on the worldvolume of the probe D-brane, and it can be read from the spectrum of the fluctuations.

show abstract

Quantum quench across a holographic critical point

Basu

Das

2012

J. High Energ. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We study the problem of quantum quench across a critical point in a strongly coupled field theory using AdS/CFT techniques. The model involves a probe neutral scalar field with mass-squared m 2 in the range −9/4 < m 2 < −3/2 in a AdS 4 charged black brane background. For a given brane background there is a critical mass-squared, m 2 c such that for m 2 < m 2 c the scalar field condenses. The theory is critical when m 2 = m 2 c and the source for the dual operator vanishes. At the critical point, the radial operator for the bulk linearized problem has a zero mode. We study the dynamics of the order parameter with a time dependent source J(t), or a null-time dependent bulk mass m(u) across the critical point. We show that in the critical region the dynamics for an initially slow variation is dominated by the zero mode : this leads to an effective description in terms of a Landau-Ginsburg type dynamics with a linear time derivative. Starting with an adiabatic initial condition in the ordered phase, we find that the order parameter drops to zero at a time t which is later than the time when (m 2 c − m 2 ) or J hits zero. In the critical region, t , and the departure of the order parameter from its adiabatic value, scale with the rate of change, with exponents determined by static critical behavior. Numerical results for the order parameter are consistent with these expectations. 1

show abstract

The open string membrane paradigm with external electromagnetic fields

Cited by 49 publications

References 86 publications

Hawking Radiation and Nonequilibrium Quantum Critical Current Noise

Hawking Radiation and Nonequilibrium Quantum Critical Current Noise

Phenomenological construction of new dictionaries for holographic conductors

Quantum quench across a holographic critical point

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About