The Ontogeny of Behavior of Free‐living Beavers (<i>Castor canadensis</i>)

Patenaude, Françoise

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1984.tb01353.x

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Furthermore, our ability to monitor individual beavers was hindered by the Table 1. Categories of beaver behavior (Wilsson 1971, Patenaude and Bovet 1983, Patenaude 1984, Buech 1995, Sharpe and Rosell 2003 observed within lodges and dens during April-June 2005 in southern Illinois, USA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Remote Videography System for Monitoring Beavers

Bloomquist

Nielsen

2009

J Wildl Manag

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We developed a remote videography system for monitoring behavior and demography of beavers (Castor canadensis) inside lodges and bank dens. Videography systems taped 6 beaver colonies for 1,080 hours and recorded 300 hours of beaver activity. Upon viewing videotape, we could characterize 86% of beaver activity into 1 of 12 behavioral categories. Of 26 individually marked beavers, we observed 8 (31%) on videotape and obtained a complete count of kits in 4 of 5 colonies. The remote videography system was generally useful and can provide wildlife biologists with demographic and behavioral information to support population modeling and management programs for beavers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Remote Videography System for Monitoring Beavers

Bloomquist

Nielsen

2009

J Wildl Manag

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“…We classified behaviors according to previously established ethograms (Wilsson, 1971;Patenaude and Bovet, 1983;Patenaude, 1984;Buech, 1995;Sharpe and Rosell, 2003), but we did not observe all behaviors exhibited in previous studies (Table 1). We recorded Adults carrying kits, kits attempting to suckle one another, kits stealing twigs from one another a Although body postures suggestive of coprophagy were evident from video data, such activities were not quantified because they were not components of the ethograms initially used to construct the ethogram presented here.…”

Section: Behavioral Observationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Seasonal, diel, and ontogenetic patterns of within-den behavior in beavers (Castor canadensis)

2011

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a b s t r a c tDespite the ubiquity of denning as a natural history strategy among terrestrial vertebrates, little is known regarding basic patterns of within-den behavior, how such patterns are influenced by demographic and environmental parameters, or how within-den behavioral repertoires relate to activities performed in external environments. Den usage is believed to facilitate increased expression of behaviors that compromise fitness in external environments, though empirical data validating these assumptions are generally lacking. Relative isolation from external light cues within dens has been linked to temporal patterns of den use, yet few studies examine associations between photoperiod and rhythmicity strictly for within-den behavior. Also, for denning species with relatively equivalent parental investment, conclusions regarding sex-specific behavior have been equivocal, and no studies have examined potential segregation of parental activity within dens. We videorecorded 1506 h of within-den activity from 23 beaver (Castor canadensis) colonies and characterized behavioral patterns based on sex and age over daily and monthly intervals. Within-den time-activity budgets were equivalent among male and female adult beavers, with feeding, sleeping, allogrooming, and individual grooming accounting for more than 95% of all recorded behaviors. Behavioral repertoires within dens exhibited distinct seasonality and were influenced by temporal variation in external conditions associated with food availability, indicating linkages between activities within and outside of dens. Lastly, beaver age classes varied considerably in their associations between diel activity patterns and photoperiod, with adults and kits exhibiting single and multiple sleep-wake cycles, respectively.

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“…Prior to its initial peak, play is less likely to occur as the young animals are expending most of their resources on physical development (Burghardt, 2005). However, play does occur very early in development as illustrated by wild beavers (Castor canadensis) that engaged in some component of play two hours after birth (Patenaude, 1984) and spotted hyena cubs (Crocuta crocuta) that displayed social play at two weeks of age, locomotor play at three weeks, and object play at four weeks (Drea, Hawk, & Glickman, 1996). The ontogeny of different types of play is likely related to the development of different behavior systems as different types of play emerge, peak, and decrease across age (as reviewed in Burghardt, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Adults Play but Not Like Their Young: The Frequency and Types of Play by Belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) in Human Care

Hill¹,

Ramirez²

2014

ABC

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While play occurs in many taxa with younger conspecifics engaging in play behaviors more often than older conspecifics, little empirical research currently exists on play by white whales, or belugas, (Delphinapterus leucas). The purpose of the current study was to explore the types of play exhibited by a group of belugas in human care. Archived video footage representing 24.5 hours of observation time collected over three years for 14 belugas (5 immature and 9 adults) was coded for type, frequency, and duration of all play events. Out of 2,092 play events, the belugas produced 497 bouts of play and preferred to engage in independent forms of play (92%) as opposed to coordinating their activities together (8%). Immature belugas exhibited four times as many play bouts (n = 405) compared to adult play events (n = 92) and included motor play, water play, and object play as well as some social interactions (e.g., play chases). When compared to all types of play, play with objects represented 50% of the bouts, and when the degree of diversity of play was considered all belugas showed more diversity with environmental enrichment devices (EEDs) present (83% of diverse play bouts) than when exhibiting motor or water play. Age and sex of the belugas also influenced the type of play (i.e., motor, water, or EEDs) exhibited during different degrees of complexity of play bouts (i.e., single events, repetitive bouts, diverse bouts, and complex cooperative social play). When sex of the beluga was considered, males appeared to prefer to engage in motor play while females appeared to prefer to engage in object play during single play events (males: n = 68, 64%, females: n = 55, 52%) and repetitive bouts (males: n = 18, 62%, females: n = 20, 54%). Some complex cooperative play bouts between immature belugas and between immature and adult belugas (n = 42, 10%) were observed. Play bouts involving EEDs lasted significantly longer (M = 55.38 sec, s = 2.85) and produced greater diversity in play behaviors for all belugas combined. In summary, belugas of all ages engage in spontaneous play behaviors, but the age and sex of each beluga produce different play preferences.

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The Ontogeny of Behavior of Free‐living Beavers (Castor canadensis)

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

A Remote Videography System for Monitoring Beavers

A Remote Videography System for Monitoring Beavers

Seasonal, diel, and ontogenetic patterns of within-den behavior in beavers (Castor canadensis)

Adults Play but Not Like Their Young: The Frequency and Types of Play by Belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) in Human Care

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