The onset of regenerative properties in ctenophores

Martindale, Mark Q.

doi:10.1016/j.gde.2016.06.017

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Stem cell research in marine invertebrates is being explored in a number of lineages (Rinkevich, 2011). Given the ability of ctenophores to readily regenerate (Martindale, 2016), the application of cell culture techniques to better understand the cellular basis of this regeneration is likely to have significant experimental value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing and maintaining primary cell cultures derived from the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi

Vandepas

Warren

Amemiya

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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We have developed an efficient method for the preparation and maintenance of primary cell cultures isolated from adult Mnemiopsis leidyi, a lobate ctenophore. Our primary cell cultures are derived from tissue explants or enzymatically dissociated cells, and maintained in a complex undefined ctenophore mesogleal serum. These methods can be used to isolate, maintain and visually monitor ctenophore cells to assess proliferation, cellular morphology and cell differentiation in future studies. Exemplar cell types that can be easily isolated from primary cultures include proliferative ectodermal and endodermal cells, motile amebocyte-like cells, and giant smooth muscle cells that exhibit inducible contractile properties. We have also derived 'tissue envelopes' containing sections of endodermal canal surrounded by mesoglea and ectoderm that can be used to monitor targeted cell types in an in vivo context. Access to efficient and reliably generated primary cell cultures will facilitate the analysis of ctenophore development, physiology and morphology from a cell biological perspective.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing and maintaining primary cell cultures derived from the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi

Vandepas

Warren

Amemiya

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…However, combination of cell linage experiments and specific cell deletion experiments showed that comb plate regeneration cannot occur when their cell lineage of progenitors are killed during embryogenesis, suggesting that at least for comb plate regeneration, a pluripotent somatic stem cell population set-aside during embryogenesis does exist not Henry, 1999, 1996). Rather, linage restricted progenitors seem to be the most plausible strategy for comb row formation during regeneration, suggesting that ctenophore regeneration resembles the amphibian mode of lineage restriction more closely than the planarian mode of pluripotent stem cells (Martindale, 2016). Differential gene expression analysis during the process of regeneration in M. leidyi will allow us to identify genes involved in stemness and differentiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regeneration in the absence of a blastema requires cell division but is not tied to wound healing in the ctenophoreMnemiopsis leidyi

Ramon-Mateu

Ellison

et al. 2019

Preprint

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It has been known for well over 50 years that ctenophores have the capacity to regenerate but the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this ability are unknown. We have studied wound healing and adult regeneration in the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi and show that cell proliferation is activated at the wound site and is indispensable for whole-body regeneration. Wound healing occurs normally in the absence of cell proliferation forming a scar-less wound epithelium. No blastema is generated, rather undifferentiated cells assume the correct location of missing structures and differentiate in place. Proliferative cells from the uncut tissue migrate to the wound site and contribute to the formation of new structures. Surprisingly, the ability to regenerate is recovered when exposure to cell-proliferation blocking treatment ends, suggesting that the onset of regeneration is constantly ready to be triggered and it is somehow independent of the wound healing process.

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“…Cephalopod molluscs, despite their excellent regenerative abilities [93] and the extensive knowledge about the physiology of their nervous systems [94], appear to have been largely overlooked with regard to nerve-dependent regeneration. Similarly, no relevant molecular data are available for cephalochordates or ctenophores, two groups with high regenerative capabilities and relevant phylogenetic positions [95,96]. The discovery of neuropeptide signaling in placozoans, a non-bilaterian group lacking a nervous system [82,97], opens the intriguing possibility that neuropeptides might be involved in regeneration even in the absence of a nervous system.…”

Section: Nerve-dependency and The Evolution Of Animal Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The multifaceted role of nerves in animal regeneration

Sinigaglia

Averof

2019

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development

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The discovery that the nervous system plays a critical role in salamander limb regeneration, in 1823, provided the first mechanistic insights into regenerative phenomena and stimulated a long quest for molecular regulators. A role for nerves in the context of regeneration has been suggested for most vertebrate and invertebrate groups, thus offering a possible shared mechanism for the regulation of regenerative processes among animals. Methodological differences and technical limitations, especially in invertebrate groups, have so far hampered broad comparisons and the search for common principles on the role of nerves. This review considers both old and recent work in this topic and provides a broad perspective on the roles of nerves during regeneration. Nerves are found consistently to have important roles in regeneration, but their mode of action varies across species. The ongoing technological developments in a broad range of invertebrate models are now paving the way for the discovery of the shared and unique roles of nerves in animal regeneration.

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The onset of regenerative properties in ctenophores

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Establishing and maintaining primary cell cultures derived from the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi

Establishing and maintaining primary cell cultures derived from the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi

Regeneration in the absence of a blastema requires cell division but is not tied to wound healing in the ctenophoreMnemiopsis leidyi

The multifaceted role of nerves in animal regeneration

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