The Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Reverses Corticosterone-Induced Changes in Cortical Neurons

Pusceddu, Matteo M.; Nolan, Yvonne M.; Green, Holly F.; Robertson, Ruairi C.; Stanton, Catherine; Kelly, Philip M.; Cryan, John F.; Dinan, Timothy G.

doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyv130

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In fact, it has been suggested that tasks involving elevated stress or fear may more effectively distinguish cognitive effects of DHA [ 44 ]. Moreover, it was shown that DHA and n -3 rich diets affect neurophysiological pathways, such as the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and hippocampus, that regulate behavioral and emotional reactions to stress [ 42 , 46 , 48 , 49 , 50 ]. Therefore, these prior reports along with our findings suggest that DHA consumption in this study may have reduced general anxiety and elevated cognitive performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion-Based Cognition in Mice Is Differentially Influenced by Dose and Chemical Form of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid

et al. 2017

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Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a major constituent, and primary omega-3 fatty acid, in the brain. Evidence suggests that DHA consumption may promote cognitive functioning and prevent cognitive decline, and these effects may be particularly relevant in the context of fear or stress. However, the potency and efficacy of dietary DHA may depend on the form of DHA (e.g., phospholipid; PL vs. triglyceride; TG). In this study, we compared in mice the effects of consuming PL and TG forms of DHA on associative, avoidance (fear) based learning and memory. Diets consisted of either no DHA or 1%, 2%, and 4% PL- or TG-DHA. After 4 weeks on the test diets (n = 12/group), we used the 3-day passive avoidance (PA) and elevated plus maze (EPM) to examine fear and fear-associated learning and memory. We found a significant (p < 0.05) diet by time interaction in the PA and EPM. Compared to the control and the 1% TG-DHA group, mice consuming the diet supplemented with 1% PL-DHA displayed a significantly greater latency by test day 2 in the 3-day PA. No differences in latency between any of the groups were observed during trials 1 and 3. Mice consuming the 2% PL-DHA diet spent significantly more time frequenting the open arms during the first minute, but not the last 4 min, of the test. Compared to all other groups, mice fed the 4% TG-DHA diet had increased spleen, liver, and visceral fat weight. Consumption of the lower dose PL-DHA may confer enhanced efficacy, particularly on fear-based learning behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion-Based Cognition in Mice Is Differentially Influenced by Dose and Chemical Form of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid

et al. 2017

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“…Accordingly, a study from our laboratory recently revealed n-3 PUFA (EPA 80%, DHA 20%; 12 weeks)-induced hippocampal GR activation correlated with cognitive and mood state improvements in adult female rats assessed by the novel object recognition, elevated plus maze, and forced swim test (Pusceddu et al, 2015b) (Table 7). Another study from our laboratory showed the protective effects of DHA against corticosterone-induced neuronal death as well as astrocyte overgrowth in cortical primary cultures (Pusceddu et al, 2015c). Furthermore, in the same study, we observed that the DHA was able to reverse the corticosterone-induced downregulation of GR expression levels in neurons.…”

Section: N-3 Pufas: Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, DHA has been found to promote cellular survival and prevent cortical neuronal apoptosis in primary cultures in a physiological condition (Cao et al, 2005) and after chronic corticosterone treatment (Pusceddu et al, 2015c). Moreover, similar results have been found in animal models of AD fed with n-3 PUFA-enriched diet (Lim et al, 2005a; Green et al, 2007).…”

Section: N-3 Pufas: Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids through the Lifespan: Implication for Psychopathology

Pusceddu

Kelly

Stanton

et al. 2016

IJNPPY

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Objective:The impact of lifetime dietary habits and their role in physical, mental, and social well-being has been the focus of considerable recent research. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as a dietary constituent have been under the spotlight for decades. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids constitute key regulating factors of neurotransmission, neurogenesis, and neuroinflammation and are thereby fundamental for development, functioning, and aging of the CNS. Of note is the fact that these processes are altered in various psychiatric disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease.Design:Relevant literature was identified through a search of MEDLINE via PubMed using the following words, “n-3 PUFAs,” “EPA,” and “DHA” in combination with “stress,” “cognition,” “ADHD,” “anxiety,” “depression,” “bipolar disorder,” “schizophrenia,” and “Alzheimer.” The principal focus was on the role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids throughout the lifespan and their implication for psychopathologies. Recommendations for future investigation on the potential clinical value of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were examined.Results:The inconsistent and inconclusive results from randomized clinical trials limits the usage of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in clinical practice. However, a body of literature demonstrates an inverse correlation between omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and quality of life/ psychiatric diseases. Specifically, older healthy adults showing low habitual intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids benefit most from consuming them, showing improved age-related cognitive decline.Conclusions:Although further studies are required, there is an exciting and growing body of research suggesting that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may have a potential clinical value in the prevention and treatment of psychopathologies.

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“…Similar effects of n-3 essential PUFAs uptake in neurons from weaned mice of mothers fed a diet supplemented with flaxseed have been observed [6]. Indeed, the n-3 PUFAs in human diet have improved clinical symptoms regarding neurological impairment, which have been associated with beneficial implication in protecting against corticosterone-induced neuronal stress [41]. In this regard, synaptic plasticity, dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity among many other neurological functions have been improved by n-3 PUFAs dietary supplementation [42–44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Maternal Diet Supplementation with n-6/n-3 Essential Fatty Acids in a 1.2 : 1.0 Ratio Attenuates Metabolic Dysfunction in MSG-Induced Obese Mice

Martin

Miranda

Barella

et al. 2016

International Journal of Endocrinology

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Essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) prevent cardiometabolic diseases. We aimed to study whether a diet supplemented with a mixture of n-6/n-3 PUFAs, during perinatal life, attenuates outcomes of long-term metabolic dysfunction in prediabetic and obese mice. Seventy-day-old virgin female mice were mated. From the conception day, dams were fed a diet supplemented with sunflower oil and flaxseed powder (containing an n-6/n-3 PUFAs ratio of 1.2 : 1.0) throughout pregnancy and lactation, while control dams received a commercial diet. Newborn mice were treated with monosodium L-glutamate (MSG, 4 mg g−1 body weight per day) for the first 5 days of age. A batch of weaned pups was sacrificed to quantify the brain and pancreas total lipids; another batch were fed a commercial diet until 90 days of age, where glucose homeostasis and glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) as well as retroperitoneal fat and Lee index were assessed. MSG-treated mice developed obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, pancreatic islet dysfunction, and higher fat stores. Maternal flaxseed diet-supplementation decreased n-6/n-3 PUFAs ratio in the brain and pancreas and blocked glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, GIIS impairment, and obesity development. The n-6/n-3 essential PUFAs in a ratio of 1.2 : 1.0 supplemented in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation prevent metabolic dysfunction in MSG-obesity model.

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The Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Reverses Corticosterone-Induced Changes in Cortical Neurons

Cited by 15 publications

References 64 publications

Emotion-Based Cognition in Mice Is Differentially Influenced by Dose and Chemical Form of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid

Emotion-Based Cognition in Mice Is Differentially Influenced by Dose and Chemical Form of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid

N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids through the Lifespan: Implication for Psychopathology

Maternal Diet Supplementation with n-6/n-3 Essential Fatty Acids in a 1.2 : 1.0 Ratio Attenuates Metabolic Dysfunction in MSG-Induced Obese Mice

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