The Olive Oil-Based Lipid Clinoleic Blocks Leukocyte Recruitment and Improves Survival during Systemic Inflammation: A Comparative In Vivo Study of Different Parenteral Lipid Emulsions

Abstract

Although fish oil-based and olive oil-based lipid emulsions have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory functions, the immunomodulating properties of lipids are still controversial. Therefore, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of three different parenterally administered lipid emulsions in vivo: olive oil-based Clinoleic, fish oil-based Smoflipid, and soybean oil-based Lipofundin. We observed leukocyte recruitment in inflamed murine cremaster muscle using intravital microscopy and survival in a murine model of LPS-induced systemic inflammation and analyzed expression of leukocyte and endothelial adhesion molecules. Olive oil-based Clinoleic and fish oil-based Smoflipid profoundly inhibited leukocyte adhesion compared to Lipofundin during LPS-induced inflammation of the murine cremaster muscle. In the trauma model of cremaster muscle inflammation, Lipofundin was the only lipid emulsion that even augmented leukocyte adhesion. In contrast to Smoflipid and Lipofundin, Clinoleic effectively blocked leukocyte recruitment and increased survival during lethal endotoxemia. Flow chamber experiments and analysis of adhesion molecule expression suggest that both endothelial and leukocyte driven mechanisms might contribute to anti-inflammatory effects of Clinoleic. We conclude that the anti-inflammatory properties of Clinoleic are superior to those of Smoflipid and Lipofundin even during systemic inflammation. Thus, these results should stimulate further studies investigating parenteral lipids as an anti-inflammatory strategy in critically ill patients.

Perioperative Parenteral Nutrition in Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

“…60 Olive oil-based lipid emulsions may also enhance immune response. 61 An in vivo study by Buschmann et al 62 suggested that an olive oil-based lipid emulsion (Clinoleic) may have anti-inflammatory effects that are even more potent than a fish oil-based emulsion (Smoflipid). Further studies investigating the use of these novel lipid emulsions in the perioperative period for patients with IBD may provide a clearer picture of how nutrition support might help modulate immune response and improve surgical outcomes.…”

Biological and Clinical Aspects of an Olive Oil-Based Lipid Emulsion—A Review

“…Collective evidence from animal studies, in vitro cultured immune cell studies, and clinical studies suggests that olive oil-based ILE appears to preserve immune function ( Table 2 ). Some studies have reported that olive oil-based ILE has no effect or beneficial effects on immune cell proliferation and function and/or immune cell death [ 7 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], as well as lesser effects on disruption of bacterial clearing [ 28 , 29 ] compared with other ILEs. Numerous studies have reported that oleic acid has direct effects on both the innate and adaptive immune systems (see review by Carillo et al, 2012) [ 4 ].…”

“…Compared with fish oil-based ILE, structured lipids, MCT/LCT, and soybean oil-based ILE, olive oil-based ILE was the least likely to impair the pneumococcal elimination capacity of isolated human neutrophils [ 28 ]. In mouse models of inflammation (trauma-induced cremaster muscle inflammation and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation) and lethal endotoxemia, olive oil-based ILE blocked leukocyte recruitment (most likely through modulation of adhesion molecules) and increased survival compared with soybean oil-based ILE and fish oil-based ILE formulations [ 27 ].…”

Articaine in functional NLC show improved anesthesia and anti-inflammatory activity in zebrafish

“…Indeed, previous experiments in rodents using a motor cortex injury as inflammatory model showed a decrease in neutrophil migration when the animals were treated with copaiba oil 47 . In the case of olive oil, leukocyte adhesion has been profoundly inhibited during an LPS-induced inflammation test, in mice 48 .…”