The oldest Hoabinhian technocomplex in Asia (43.5 ka) at Xiaodong rockshelter, Yunnan Province, southwest China

Ji, Xueping; Kuman, Kathleen; Clarke, Ronald J.; Forestier, Hubert; Li, Yinghua; Ma, Juan; Qiu, Kaiwei; Li, Hao; Wu, Yun

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.09.080

Cited by 61 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A Hoabinhian assemblage at Xiaodong, Yunnan Province, in Southwest China dated at 43.5 ka may provide another example of an early adaptation to rain forest. Pollen data indicate that the site was in rainforest, and the faunal remains are consistent with that interpretation (Ji et al 2016). Isotopic analysis is needed to see whether these early Hoabinhians were living in rainforest.…”

Section: Colonizing Areas That Were Previously Barrierssupporting

confidence: 58%

Human Colonization of Asia in the Late Pleistocene

Dennell¹

2017

Current Anthropology

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Section: Colonizing Areas That Were Previously Barrierssupporting

confidence: 58%

Human Colonization of Asia in the Late Pleistocene

Dennell¹

2017

Current Anthropology

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“…Long-term lithic technological stability from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene in tropical contexts is also potentially seen in Southeast Asia. In the territories between Thailand, south China, Vietnam and northwest of Sumatra, the Hoabinhian techno-complex persisted from ~43 to 4 ka [107–110,112–115]. This industry is characterised by plain pebbles, with partially ground edges, choppers, chopping tools, unmodified flakes and the Sumatralith, an oval cobble unilaterally retouched, and short-axes made of transversally fractured tabular cobbles that are also unilaterally retouched [116].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microliths in the South Asian rainforest ~45-4 ka: New insights from Fa-Hien Lena Cave, Sri Lanka

et al. 2019

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Microliths–small, retouched, often-backed stone tools–are often interpreted to be the product of composite tools, including projectile weapons, and efficient hunting strategies by modern humans. In Europe and Africa these lithic toolkits are linked to hunting of medium- and large-sized game found in grassland or woodland settings, or as adaptations to risky environments during periods of climatic change. Here, we report on a recently excavated lithic assemblage from the Late Pleistocene cave site of Fa-Hien Lena in the tropical evergreen rainforest of Sri Lanka. Our analyses demonstrate that Fa-Hien Lena represents the earliest microlith assemblage in South Asia (c. 48,000–45,000 cal. years BP) in firm association with evidence for the procurement of small to medium size arboreal prey and rainforest plants. Moreover, our data highlight that the lithic technology of Fa-Hien Lena changed little over the long span of human occupation (c. 48,000–45,000 cal. years BP to c. 4,000 cal. years BP) indicating a successful, stable technological adaptation to the tropics. We argue that microlith assemblages were an important part of the environmental plasticity that enabled Homo sapiens to colonise and specialise in a diversity of ecological settings during its expansion within and beyond Africa. The proliferation of diverse microlithic technologies across Eurasia c. 48–45 ka was part of a flexible human ‘toolkit’ that assisted our species’ spread into all of the world’s environments, and the development of specialised technological and cultural approaches to novel ecological situations.

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“… Hypothesised dispersal pathway of Duttaphrynus melanostictus in the Eastern Indomalayan realm. ( a ) The schematic diagram of predicted dispersal pathways for the three D. melanostictus lineages in the Indo Malayan realm integrating a model of prehistoric human dispersion from Southeast Asia during the Neolithic: Tianyuan (0.04–0.004 Ma), and Hoabinhian (0.0435–0.003 Ma) and Sunda-Sahul (0.06–0028 Ma); modified from Ji et al (2016) [ 91 ], Yang et al (2017) [ 92 ], Mccoll et al (2018) [ 93 ], Gomes et al (2015) [ 94 ], and the secondary human migration routes in Southern China post LGM adapted from Brandão et al (2016) [ 95 ]. ( b ) Bayesian tree with an emphasis on the origin of contemporary population in Taiwan, either resulting from natural dispersion, or human mediated dispersion.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Mid-Pleistocene Revolution and Anthropogenic Factors on the Dispersion of Asian Black-Spined Toads (Duttaphrynus melanostictus)

Othman

Chen

Chuang

et al. 2020

Animals

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Divergence-time estimation critically improves the understanding of biogeography processes underlying the distribution of species, especially when fossil data is not available. We hypothesise that the Asian black-spined toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus, expanded into the Eastern Indomalaya following the Quaternary glaciations with the subsequent colonisation of new landscapes during the Last Glacial Maximum. Divergence dating inferred from 364 sequences of mitochondrial tRNAGly ND3 supported the emergence of a common ancestor to the three D. melanostictus clades around 1.85 (±0.77) Ma, matching with the Lower to Mid-Pleistocene transition. Duttaphrynus melanostictus then dispersed into Southeast Asia from the central Indo-Pacific and became isolated in the Southern Sundaic and Wallacea regions 1.43 (±0.10) Ma through vicariance as a result of sea level oscillations. The clade on the Southeast Asian mainland then colonised the peninsula from Myanmar to Vietnam and expanded towards Southeastern China at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene Revolution 0.84 (±0.32) Ma. Population dynamics further highlight an expansion of the Southeast Asian mainland population towards Taiwan, the Northeastern edge of the species’ range after the last interglacial, and during the emergence of the Holocene human settlements around 7000 BP. Thus, the current divergence of D. melanostictus into three segregated clades was mostly shaped by Quaternary glaciations, followed by natural dispersion events over land bridges and accelerated by anthropogenic activities.

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The oldest Hoabinhian technocomplex in Asia (43.5 ka) at Xiaodong rockshelter, Yunnan Province, southwest China

Cited by 61 publications

References 16 publications

Human Colonization of Asia in the Late Pleistocene

Human Colonization of Asia in the Late Pleistocene

Microliths in the South Asian rainforest ~45-4 ka: New insights from Fa-Hien Lena Cave, Sri Lanka

Impact of the Mid-Pleistocene Revolution and Anthropogenic Factors on the Dispersion of Asian Black-Spined Toads (Duttaphrynus melanostictus)

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