The oldest and longest enduring microlithic sequence in India: 35 000 years of modern human occupation and change at the Jwalapuram Locality 9 rockshelter

Clarkson, Chris; Petraglia, Michael D.; Korisettar, Ravi; Haslam, Michael; Boivin, Nicole; Crowther, Alison; Ditchfield, Peter; Fuller, Dorian Q.; Miracle, Preston; Harris, Clair; Connell, Kate; James, Hannah; Koshy, Jinu

doi:10.1017/s0003598x0009846x

Cited by 105 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…2), have revealed preserved stratified deposits spanning the past 78 ka (20,21), allowing a rare insight into technological change in southern India over this period. Here we provide a major synthesis of data from all the main localities in the Jurreru Valley, covering multiple field seasons from [2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009]; included are significant data from several localities.…”

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confidence: 99%

Population increase and environmental deterioration correspond with microlithic innovations in South Asia ca. 35,000 years ago

Petraglia

Clarkson

Boivin

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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122

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Genetic studies of South Asia's population history have led to postulations of a significant and early population expansion in the subcontinent, dating to sometime in the Late Pleistocene. We evaluate this argument, based on new mtDNA analyses, and find evidence for significant demographic transition in the subcontinent, dating to 35-28 ka. We then examine the paleoenvironmental and, particularly, archaeological records for this time period and note that this putative demographic event coincides with a period of ecological and technological change in South Asia. We document the development of a new diminutive stone blade (microlithic) technology beginning at 35-30 ka, the first time that the precocity of this transition has been recognized across the subcontinent. We argue that the transition to microlithic technology may relate to changes in subsistence practices, as increasingly large and probably fragmented populations exploited resources in contracting favorable ecological zones just before the onset of full glacial conditions. archaeology ͉ environment ͉ genetics ͉ lithic technology

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Section: (See Methods)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Population increase and environmental deterioration correspond with microlithic innovations in South Asia ca. 35,000 years ago

Petraglia

Clarkson

Boivin

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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122

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“…Issues surrounding the initial modern human colonization of the geographically pivotal region of southern Asia have generated intense controversy in the recent genetic and archaeological literature (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…2). The second, more recently proposed view, is that there was a much earlier dispersal of modern humans from Africa sometime before 74 ka (and conceivably as early as 120-130 ka), reaching southern Asia before the time of the volcanic "supereruption" of Mount Toba in Sumatra (the largest volcanic eruption of the past 2 million y) at ∼74 ka (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…1 and Archaeology). According to the evidence recorded from the Jwalapuram 9 rock shelter and the two sites of Batadomba-lena and Fahien-lena in Sri Lanka (3,20,21) (Fig. 2), this allegedly in situ transformation affected virtually all aspects of the archaeological assemblages, including the sudden appearance of highly controlled microblade-producing techniques (and associated core forms), and the production of a wide range of highly shaped "microlithic" tools, typical end scrapers, extensively shaped bone tools, a variety of circular, rotary-perforated bead forms, and [at the site of Patne in northern India, radiocarbon dated to ∼30 ka calibrated (cal.)…”

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confidence: 99%

“…before present (B.P.)] a fragment of ostrich eggshell engraved with a complex "bounded criss-cross" design (2,3,(20)(21)(22) (Figs. 3 and 4).…”

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Genetic and archaeological perspectives on the initial modern human colonization of southern Asia

Mellars

Gori

Carr

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

251

230

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It has been argued recently that the initial dispersal of anatomically modern humans from Africa to southern Asia occurred before the volcanic "supereruption" of the Mount Toba volcano (Sumatra) at ∼74,000 y before present (B.P.)-possibly as early as 120,000 y B.P. We show here that this "pre-Toba" dispersal model is in serious conflict with both the most recent genetic evidence from both Africa and Asia and the archaeological evidence from South Asian sites. We present an alternative model based on a combination of genetic analyses and recent archaeological evidence from South Asia and Africa. These data support a coastally oriented dispersal of modern humans from eastern Africa to southern Asia ∼60-50 thousand years ago (ka). This was associated with distinctively African microlithic and "backed-segment" technologies analogous to the African "Howiesons Poort" and related technologies, together with a range of distinctively "modern" cultural and symbolic features (highly shaped bone tools, personal ornaments, abstract artistic motifs, microblade technology, etc.), similar to those that accompanied the replacement of "archaic" Neanderthal by anatomically modern human populations in other regions of western Eurasia at a broadly similar date.India | Paleolithic | archaeogenetics | mtDNA

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Rock Art Research in India: Historical Approaches and Recent Theoretical Directions

Blinkhorn¹,

Boivin²,

Taçon³

et al. 2012

A Companion to Rock Art

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The oldest and longest enduring microlithic sequence in India: 35 000 years of modern human occupation and change at the Jwalapuram Locality 9 rockshelter

Cited by 105 publications

References 28 publications

Population increase and environmental deterioration correspond with microlithic innovations in South Asia ca. 35,000 years ago

Population increase and environmental deterioration correspond with microlithic innovations in South Asia ca. 35,000 years ago

Genetic and archaeological perspectives on the initial modern human colonization of southern Asia

Rock Art Research in India: Historical Approaches and Recent Theoretical Directions

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