The Oirata language

Cowan, H. K. J.

doi:10.1016/0024-3841(65)90051-3

“…However, Cowan (1960:352-55) proposed fifteen cognate series between WB and WP, of which a few with South Bird's Head may be valid. In later papers (Cowan 1963(Cowan , 1965, he added Bunaq, Oirata, and Makasae, placing them immediately with the South Bird's Head languages in a southern division of WP. He writes: "Even a casual glance at the list will be sufficient to show the striking similarity between some of the pronouns in the seven languages " (1965:363).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Greater West Bomberai Language Family

Usher¹,

Schapper²

2022

Oceanic Linguistics

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“…However, Cowan (1960:352-55) proposed fifteen cognate series between WB and WP, of which a few with South Bird's Head may be valid. In later papers (Cowan 1963(Cowan , 1965, he added Bunaq, Oirata, and Makasae, placing them immediately with the South Bird's Head languages in a southern division of WP. He writes: "Even a casual glance at the list will be sufficient to show the striking similarity between some of the pronouns in the seven languages " (1965:363).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Greater West Bomberai Language Family

Usher¹,

Schapper²

2021

Oceanic Linguistics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.

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Importance of Length and Sequence Order on Magnesium Binding to Surface-Bound Oligonucleotides Studied by Second Harmonic Generation and Atomic Force Microscopy

Holland

¹

,

Geiger

²

2012

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The binding of magnesium ions to surface-bound single-stranded oligonucleotides was studied under aqueous conditions using second harmonic generation (SHG) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The effect of strand length on the number of Mg(II) ions bound and their free binding energy was examined for 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-mers of adenine and guanine at pH 7, 298 K, and 10 mM NaCl. The binding free energies for adenine and guanine sequences were calculated to be -32.1(4) and -35.6(2) kJ/mol, respectively, and invariant with strand length. Furthermore, the ion density for adenine oligonucleotides did not change as strand length increased, with an average value of 2(1) ions/strand. In sharp contrast, guanine oligonucleotides displayed a linear relationship between strand length and ion density, suggesting that cooperativity is important. This data gives predictive capabilities for mixed strands of various lengths, which we exploit for 20-mers of adenines and guanines. In addition, the role sequence order plays in strands of hetero-oligonucleotides was examined for 5'-A(10)G(10)-3', 5'-(AG)(10)-3', and 5'-G(10)A(10)-3' (here the -3' end is chemically modified to bind to the surface). Although the free energy of binding is the same for these three strands (averaged to be -33.3(4) kJ/mol), the total ion density increases when several guanine residues are close to the 3' end (and thus close to the solid support substrate). To further understand these results, we analyzed the height profiles of the functionalized surfaces with tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM). When comparing the average surface height profiles of the oligonucleotide surfaces pre- and post- Mg(II) binding, a positive correlation was found between ion density and the subsequent height decrease following Mg(II) binding, which we attribute to reductions in Coulomb repulsion and strand collapse once a critical number of Mg(II) ions are bound to the strand.

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The Oirata language

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

The Greater West Bomberai Language Family

The Greater West Bomberai Language Family

The Greater West Bomberai Language Family

Importance of Length and Sequence Order on Magnesium Binding to Surface-Bound Oligonucleotides Studied by Second Harmonic Generation and Atomic Force Microscopy

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