The ocular surface, coronaviruses and COVID‐19

Willcox, Mark; Walsh, Karen; Nichols, Jason J.; Morgan, Philip B.; Jones, Lyndon

doi:10.1111/cxo.13088

Cited by 92 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…Within the field of ophthalmology, a few case reports [1,2] have suggested the presence of viral conjunctivitis before other COVID-19 symptoms which generated concern among eye care professionals (ECPs). A joint report by the College of Ophthalmologists and the College of Optometrists [3] stated that it was unlikely that a person would present with viral conjunctivitis without other COVID-19 symptoms and this has been confirmed in larger cohort studies [4]. In accordance with this, Sun et al [5] concluded that 'the eye is neither a preferred organ for human coronavirus infection nor a preferred gateway of entry that enables human coronavirus to infect the respiratory tract'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soft contact lens wearers’ compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic

Vianya-Estopà

Wolffsohn

Beukes

et al. 2020

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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Contact lens wearers need to maintain optimal hygiene practices during the COVID-19 pandemic to minimise contact-lens complications including microbial keratitis and corneal infiltrative events. This online survey (UK and Ireland) explored contact lens wearers' compliance behaviours, attitudes and concerns during the pandemic. Method: The 60-item anonymous online survey was distributed during a 1-month period via Qualtrics (starting on 14/04/20). The survey captured: a) demographic information, b) type of lenses worn and compliance with lens wear and care procedures, c) adherence to recommendations and d) concerns associated with contact lens wear during the pandemic. Results: Two hundred and forty seven responses were received (34.3 ± 11.7 years old, 79% female). Seventy nine percent of participants reported that they were self-isolating or rigorously following social distance advice. Fifty-six percent of participants reported using their lenses less during the pandemic. Eighty-seven percent of respondents reported following the recommended 20-second rule most times/every time and 96% used soap and water during handwashing. Eleven percent of respondents admitted not following recommendations regarding disposal of lenses and 18% would not consider ceasing lens wear if unwell (with flu/cold) during the pandemic. Conclusion: Respondents reported wearing their contact lenses less than usual. Good compliance with handwashing was observed but soft reusable lens wearers showed a statistically significant lower compliance with lens wear and care compared to daily disposable lens wearers (p= < 0.001).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, Jones et al [6] stated that there is currently no scientific evidence of an increased risk of COVID-19 for contact lens (CL) wearers compared to non-wearers. Similarly, Willcox et al [4] emphasised that during the pandemic wearers should be reminded of good hygiene practices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft contact lens wearers’ compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic

Vianya-Estopà

Wolffsohn

Beukes

et al. 2020

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, Willcox et al discusses how viral entry is facilitated by initial binding to a viral receptor known as heparan sulfate on the ocular surface; however, they suggest that coronavirus cannot enter via this mechanism. This entry path can be further inhibited by the presence of lactoferrin in tears or decoy receptors, such as 9-O-acetylated sialic acid in tear glycoproteins, both of which can block coronavirus binding at receptor sites [3]. On the contrary, Zhou et al showed ACE2 expression on the ocular surface, predominantly on the superficial conjunctival and corneal epithelial surfaces [23].…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) serves as the receptor for the virus and is found in the eye, suggesting that the virus may be transmittable via tears [3]. The molecular mechanism of ACE2-driven infection and the time course of eye involvement, among children and adults, were the focus of this review with the intent that informed clinicians will not miss the diagnoses of COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update and Recommendations for Ocular Manifestations of COVID-19 in Adults and Children: A Narrative Review

Danthuluri

Grant

2020

Ophthalmol Ther

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has instigated severe global turmoil both medically and socioeconomically. Research continues to rapidly develop in order to fully comprehend the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study focuses on the rare ophthalmologic manifestations of the SARS-CoV-2 disease process in both adults and children. There is evidence to suggest that viral transmission can occur via tears and conjunctival secretions, although it is not a predominant finding. This review considers all the published studies describing ocular findings and SARS-CoV-2 viral transmission through the eye. The review addresses the ongoing debate over the importance of ocular manifestations during this pandemic. The most updated safety guidelines, protocols, timelines of ocular manifestations during the disease course, and treatment recommendations are discussed. The majority of patients with COVID-19 with eye symptoms presented with them initially. It is possible that the virus becomes inoculated at the site of the eye and spreads via the nasolacrimal duct to the respiratory system. There are also some reports which show that ocular findings present later in the disease course, suggestive of a correlation between ocular manifestation and increased disease severity as the infection becomes systemic. We highlight the importance of recognizing conjunctivitis as an early finding of COVID-19, and that testing or appropriate follow-up could be beneficial in both the pediatric and adult populations.

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“…Willcox .M .et .al did a study coronavirus disease, and affected with the eye surface corneal, conjunctival. It showed as infection could lead to mild signs and symptoms of pneumonia, has so far only found rarely [63], [64]. Respiratory viruses are typically most symptomatic and most contagious.…”

Section: Environment To Humanmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis Review, Detection Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on Biosensor Application

Taha¹,

Arsad²,

Mashhadany³

2020

Preprint

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The global spread of coronavirus disease (COVID -19) worldwide has had a significant effect on social and economic growth. The contamination keeps on advancing quickly and eccentrically, representing a significant test to its recognition and conclusion. Coronaviruses are commonly recognized by seclusion from tests, regardless of whether natural or clinical, utilizing some atomic science procedures, which can take a few days. In this work an analytical review of virus transmission, methods of diagnosing COVID -19 using artificial intelligence techniques to classify images and types of biosensors. At long last, the deformities and points of interest of each kind of sensor are recognized and examined. This exploration gives an explanatory audit of the utilization of crown infection COVID-19 in 2019. Related examinations were led utilizing five dependable databases, for example, Science Direct, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. An acceptable investigation is remembered for this audit, which can be depended upon as a logical database to put resources into another technique for recognizing COIVD-19.

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The ocular surface, coronaviruses and COVID‐19

Cited by 92 publications

References 73 publications

Soft contact lens wearers’ compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic

Soft contact lens wearers’ compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic

Update and Recommendations for Ocular Manifestations of COVID-19 in Adults and Children: A Narrative Review

An Analysis Review, Detection Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on Biosensor Application

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