The oceanic source of carbonyl sulfide (OCS)

Rasmussen, R. A.; Khalil, M. A. K.; Hoyt, Steven D.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(82)90111-1

Cited by 74 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Thus, up to 0.9 MT y-X of the atmospheric burden of 3 MT of OCS sulphur can be produced from CS2. This compares with estimates of 0.1 Mt y-X from biomass burning (Crutzen et al, 1979) and possibly as much as 0.3 MT y-1 (Rasmussen et al, 1982) from direct oceanic emissions.…”

Section: Contribution To the World Wide Sulphur Budgetsupporting

confidence: 61%

Atmospheric chemistry of carbon disulphide

Jones¹,

Cox²,

Penkett³

1983

J Atmos Chem

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The oxidation of carbon disulphide has been studied under conditions which are likely to pertain in the atmosphere. The quantum yield for direct photo-oxidation of CS~ in air at 1 arm pressure, using near UV radiation was 0.012, with OCS as a major product. The rate coefficient (k 1) for the reaction of OH with CS2, was determined from measurements of OCS formation in the near UV photolysis of HONO-CS2-O2-N~ mixtures, kl was dependent on oxygen concentration rising from ~< 4 x 10 -14 cm 3 molecule -1 s -t at O~ ~ 15 Tort to (2.0 +-1.0) x 10 -ta cm s molecule -t s -~ at 1 arm air and 300 K. Equimolar amounts of carbonyl sulphide and sulphur dioxide were the major reaction products.The concentration of carbon disulphide in the ambient atmosphere was measured and the concentration to be expected in the background atmosphere was estimated. Rate and concentration data were used to show that carbon disulphide oxidation represents a major source for atmospheric carbonyl sulphide. It can also serve as an alternate source for atmospheric sulphur dioxide in addition to that produced from hydrogen sulphide and dimethyl sulphide.A consideration of atmospheric concentrations and rate data for these trace sulphur gases suggests that the natural sulphur budget is much smaller than the yearly amounts of sulphur dioxide emitted from anthropogenic sources.

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Section: Contribution To the World Wide Sulphur Budgetsupporting

confidence: 61%

Atmospheric chemistry of carbon disulphide

Jones¹,

Cox²,

Penkett³

1983

J Atmos Chem

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“…Atmospheric measurements from this work, presented in Chapter 5 , show a trend over the Pacific (0.95 c M R < 1.05) which is in general agreement with previous studies in this region (Johnson and Harrison, 1986;Torres et al, 1980;Rasmussen et al, 1982).…”

Section: (Ihr=[cos]h/[cos]~)supporting

confidence: 92%

“…They reported an average mixing ratio for COS of 512 k 65 ppt with no significant latitudinal gradient. Very similar results were obtained by Rasmussen et al (1982) and Johnson and Harrison (1986), both of whom found a very constant mixing 13 gradient between the two hemispheres. In particular, they suggested that pollution sources can account for not more that 25% of the total sources of COS both directly and indirectly (as CS2).…”

Section: Atmospheric Distribution Of Cossupporting

confidence: 80%

“…showed that COS was supersaturated with respect to atmospheric equilibrium, leading to the conclusion that the oceans were a major source of COS to the atmosphere (Rasmussen et al, 1982;Ferek and Andreae, 1983;Turner and Liss, 1985 ID), and dried using a stainless-steel loop held at -40°C. COS dissolved in surface water was partitioned continuously using a Ray Weiss-type (Scripps Oceanographic Institute) equilibrator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The oceanic cycle and global atmospheric budget of carbonyl sulfide

Weiss

1994

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“…Extrapolated from measurements Rasmussen et al (1982) 320 (±160) * Ferek and Andreae (1983) 245 * Johnson and Harrison (1986) 110-210 * Mihalopoulos et al (1992) 230 (110-210) * Chin and Davis (1993) 160 (85-340) * Weiss et al (1995b) −16 (−10-30) * Ulshöfer and Andreae (1998) 41-80 * Watts (2000) 53 (±80) 53 *…”

Section: Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Direct oceanic emissions unlikely to account for the missing source of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The climate active trace-gas carbonyl sulfide (OCS) is the most abundant sulfur gas in the atmosphere. A missing source in its atmospheric budget is currently suggested, resulting from an upward revision of the vegetation sink. Tropical oceanic emissions have been proposed to close the resulting gap in the atmospheric budget. We present a bottom-up approach including (i) new observations of OCS in surface waters of the tropical Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans and (ii) a further improved global box model to show that direct OCS emissions are unlikely to account for the missing source. The box model suggests an undersaturation of the surface water with respect to OCS integrated over the entire tropical ocean area and, further, global annual direct emissions of OCS well below that suggested by top-down estimates. In addition, we discuss the potential of indirect emission from CS 2 and dimethylsulfide (DMS) to account for the gap in the atmospheric budget. This bottom-up estimate of oceanic emissions has implications for using OCS as a proxy for global terrestrial CO 2 uptake, which is currently impeded by the inadequate quantification of atmospheric OCS sources and sinks.

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The oceanic source of carbonyl sulfide (OCS)

Cited by 74 publications

References 13 publications

Atmospheric chemistry of carbon disulphide

Atmospheric chemistry of carbon disulphide

The oceanic cycle and global atmospheric budget of carbonyl sulfide

Direct oceanic emissions unlikely to account for the missing source of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide

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