The occurrence of vibrio disease in wild Norwegian fish

Abstract

The occurrence of vibrio disease in coalfish, cod, dab, flounders, plaice and salmon from Norwegian waters is described. A description of the pathological findings and of the bacteriological examinations carried out is given. The causative agent was found to be Yf6riu anguiliaruirz, and the reactions of these Norwegian isolates in relation to previously described biotypes of V. anguillnrum are discussed.

Host‐specific pathogenicity of strains of Vibrio anguillarum isolated from rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Richardson and saithe Pollachius virens (L.)

“…The reference strains (Egidius & Andersen 1977) isolated from salmonids and saithe, differ only in a few of their biochemical reactions. Several other authors (Evelyn •19' 7l;Hastein & Holt 1972) have grouped their Vibrio anguillarum on this host of origin basis and such a grouping has been confirmed by Skoge Johnsen (1977) through immunological studies and by Hastein & Smith (1977) through principal component analysis.…”

“…Levine, Wolke & Cabelli (1972) obtained lesions at thê^ 6 of inoculation in winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum) witĥ n intradermal dose of 640 cells of a haemolytic Vibrio anguillarum strain isolated from the same species. Hastein & Holt (1972) also reported inoculation experiments on rainbow trout without discussing the details.…”

Molecular characterization of Vibrio anguillarum biotype 2

“…Vibriosis, caused by infection with Vibrio anguillarum, has been responsible for numerous epizootics among cultured and feral populations of fish throughout the world (Bagge and Bagge 1956;Cisar and Fryer 1969;Evelyn 1971;Fryer et al 1972;Hastein and Holt 1972;McCarthy et al 1974;Novotny 1975). Although recent years have been witness to an intensive research effort directed toward the development of effective vibrio vaccines (Antipa 1976;Fryer et al 1976;Could et al 1979;Schiewe and Hodgins 1977), there is still little information on the nature of the causative bacterium and the pathogenesis of the disease.…”

Copper as an initiating factor of vibriosis (Vibrio anguillarum) in eel (Anguilla anguilla)

“…V . anguillarum also causes disease in a variety of other marine fish species, such as plaice, Pleuronectes platessa, cod, Gadus callarias, coalfish, Gadus virens, trout, Salmo trutta, and salmon, Salmo salar (Anderson & Conroy, 1970;Haastein & Holt, 1972).…”

“…During the past few years, the frequency of reported outbreaks of vibriosis has increased among both wild fish, and salmon and rainbow trout in sea water hatcheries (Haastein & Holt, 1972). In October 1974, mass mortality among yearlings of coalfish occurred in Norwegian fjords.…”