The Occurrence of Tryptamine Derivatives in Psilocybe semilanceata

Abstract

The content of tryptamine derivatives in Psilocybe semilanceata, a popular hallucinogenic mushroom, was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Most of the 52 samples have been collected at several localities in Switzerland during a 1-5 year period. The content of psilocybin and baeocystin varied in the range of 0.21-2.02% and 0.05-0.77%, respectively, whereas only traces of psilocin were present. The variability of the alkaloid level depending on origin, year of collection, size and part of mushrooms is discussed.

Determination of tryptamine derivatives in illicit synthetic drugs by capillary electrophoresis and ultraviolet laser-induced fluorescence detection

“…DMT in ayahuasca (a South American psychotropic beverage) and in human plasma after dosing with ayahuasca was quantified by TLC and HPLC-UV detector (UVD) [4] and by GC-nitrogen-phosphorus detector (NPD) [5,6]. Tryptamine derivatives in plant and mushroom extracts were identified and quantified by RP-HPLC-UVD [7], RP-HPLC-DAD [8,9], RP-HPLC-UVD combined with amperometric detection [10,11], or ion-exchange chro- Figure 1. Structures of tryptamine derivatives quantified in this study: (1) tryptamine, (2) 5-methyltryptamine, (3) DET, (4) 5-MeO-DMT, (5) DMT, (6) 6-methoxytryptamine, (7) serotonin, (8) bufotenine, (9) 5-MeO-DIPT, (10) acridine (i.st.…”

Discovery of a new caerulescent Psilocybe mushroom in Germany: Psilocybe germanica sp.nov.

“…As far as it is currently known, this trimethylammonium analog of psilocybin has only been reported to occur in the hallucinogenic species Inocybe aeruginascens Babos. [13,21] Psilocybe semilanceata is the best studied psychoactive mushroom species in the world [1,14,18,19,17,22,23] and is known to contain psilocybin and baeocystin (Table 1). Previous investigations in 1994 have shown that the use pure methanol yielded the authentic indole derivatives from dried mushrooms and the use of aqueous solvents resulted in hydrolysis of psilocybin and baeocystin to give psilocin.…”

“…It contained high amounts of psilocybin and baeocystin. This mushroom appears to be [16] 0.34 À 0.98 0.01 À 0.05 0.01 À 0.93 P. cyanescens [17] 0.25 À 0.85 0.01 À 0.03 0.04 À 0.36 P. semilanceata [3,4] 0.19 À 1.34 0.03 À 0.38 nd P. semilanceata [18] 0.55 À 1,96 0,11 À 034 À P. semilanceata [19] 0.41 À 1.41 0.10 À 0.60 traces P. semilanceata [14] 0,91 À 1,05 qualitative nd À 0.02 P. semilanceata [17] 0.05 À 1.70 nd À 0.36 nd À 0.36 P. bohemica [14] 0.25 À 1.14 nd nd À 0.07 P. bohemica [17] 0.28 À 0.80 0.01 À 0.03 nd À 0.02 P. bohemica [20] 0.11 À 1,35 0.01 À 0.03 0.01 À 0.02 P. azurescens [9] 1.17 À the first described species derived from wood chips that contains significant amounts of baeocystin in the absence of psilocin. The novel species was differentiated from other psychoactive taxons such as Psilocybe cyanescens, Psilocybe azurescens and Psilocybe bohemica in combination from features of the stipes and caps.…”