The Occurrence of the Anemone Peachia parasitica as a Symbiont in the Scyphozoan Cyanea capillata in the Lower Chesapeake Bay

McDermott, John J.; Zubkoff, Paul L.; Lin, Alan

doi:10.2307/1351756

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Gelatinous zooplankton are a major component of pelagic food webs (e.g., Brodeur et al, 1999;CIESM, 2001), and their importance may be increasing because of ocean warming (Mills, 2001;Sullivan et al, 2001;Purcell, 2005). However, very few host-parasite studies have been performed on gelatinous zooplankton (Spaulding, 1972;McDermott et al, 1982;Arai, 2005). The present study is the first to directly monitor parasitic infection frequencies in gelatinous zooplankton in the wild and the first to directly investigate host specificity, a key determinant of a parasite's ecological impact.…”

Section: Gelatinous Zooplankton: Poorly Understood Pelagic Hostsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In addition to E. lineata (Edwardsiidae), the planula larva of Peachia parasitica (Haloclavidae) is parasitic on the scyphozoan Cyanea sp. (McDermott et al, 1982), and the larvae of Peachia quinquecapitata parasitize multiple species of hydromedusae (Spaulding, 1972). Planulae may be predisposed toward becoming parasitic on gelatinous zooplankton because they routinely gain access to the potential host's internal body cavity, and if they can avoid being digested, life inside a jellyfish could afford many advantages relative to a free-living existence, e.g., protection from some predators, greater dispersal ability, and an abundant supply of food.…”

Section: The Likely Influence Of Host Feeding Mode On Parasitic Infecmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ecological and Developmental Dynamics of a Host-Parasite System Involving a Sea Anemone and Two Ctenophores

Reitzel

Sullivan

Brown

et al. 2007

Journal of Parasitology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The lined sea anemone Edwardsiella lineata has evolved a derived parasitic life history that includes a novel body plan adapted for life inside its ctenophore hosts. Reputedly its sole host is the sea walnut, Mnemiopsis leidyi, a voracious planktivore and a seasonally abundant member of many pelagic ecosystems. However, we have observed substantially higher E. lineata prevalence in a second ctenophore species, the ctenophore predator Beroë ovata. The interplay among these 3 species has important conservation consequences as M. leidyi introductions are thought to be responsible for the severe depletion of numerous commercial fisheries in the Mediterranean basin, and both E. lineata and B. ovata have been proposed as biological controls for invasive M. leidyi. Over a 3-yr period (2004-2006), we collected 8,253 ctenophores from Woods Hole, Massachusetts, including M. leidyi, B. ovata, and a third ctenophore, Pleurobrachia pileus, and we recorded E. lineata infection frequencies, parasite load, and parasite location. We also conducted laboratory experiments to determine the likely mechanisms for parasite introduction and the effect of each host on parasite development. We observed peak E. lineata infection frequencies of 0% in P. pileus, 59% in M. leidyi, and 100% in B. ovata, suggesting that B. ovata could be an important natural host for E. lineata. However, in laboratory experiments, E. lineata larvae proved far more successful at infecting M. leidyi than B. ovata, and E. lineata parasites excised from M. leidyi exhibited greater developmental competence than parasites excised from B. ovata. Although we show that E. lineata is efficiently transferred from M. leidyi to B. ovata when the latter preys upon the former, we conclude that E. lineata larvae are not well adapted for parasitizing the latter species and that the E. lineata parasite is not well adapted for feeding in B. ovata; these developmental and ecological factors underlie the host specificity of this recently evolved parasite.

show abstract

Section: Gelatinous Zooplankton: Poorly Understood Pelagic Hostsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: The Likely Influence Of Host Feeding Mode On Parasitic Infecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and Developmental Dynamics of a Host-Parasite System Involving a Sea Anemone and Two Ctenophores

Reitzel

Sullivan

Brown

et al. 2007

Journal of Parasitology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to E. lineata larvae of two species of the genus Peachia (the family Haloclavidae) infect hydro-and scyphomedusae (Spaulding 1972, McDermott et al 1982. Spaulding (1972) made a thorough investigation on the life cycle of Peachia quinquecapitata McMurrich infecting the hydromedusa Clytia gregaria (Agassiz) (as Phialidium gregarium) on the Pacific coast of North America.…”

Section: Anthozoansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After an average of 31 days the anemones are released from the host, and fall to the bottom. Juveniles of another species of Peachia, P. parasitica (Agassiz) were observed to infect the scyphomedusae Cyanea capillata (Linnaeus) in Chesapeake Bay (McDermott et al 1982); juveniles with 12 tentacles attached to the subumbrella of the host by means of an expanded mouth, or were embedded in the tissues. Lauckner (1980a, b) compiled descriptions of the relationships between parasitic helminthes/nematodes and medusae/ctenophores and information on their life cycles.…”

Section: Anthozoansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbionts of marine medusae and ctenophores

Ohtsuka

Koike

Lindsay

et al. 2009

Plankton Benthos Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Since marine medusae and ctenophores harbor a wide variety of symbionts, from protists to fish, they constitute a unique community in pelagic ecosystems. Their symbiotic relationships broadly range from simple, facultative phoresy through parasitisim to complex mutualism, although it is sometimes difficult to define these associations strictly. Phoresy and/or commensalism are found in symbionts such as pycnogonids, decapod larvae and fish juveniles. Parasitism and/or parasitoidism are common in the following symbionts: dinoflagellates, ciliates, anthozoan larvae, pedunculate barnacles, anuropid isopods, and hyperiid amphipods. Mutualism is established between ctenophores and gymnamoebae, and between rhizostome medusae and endosymbiotic dinoflagellates. More information on symbiotic apostome ciliates, anthozoan larvae and hyperiid amphipods is definitely needed for further studies in consideration of their high prevalence and serious damage they can inflict on their hosts. The present paper briefly reviews previously published data on symbionts on these gelatinous predators and introduces new information in the form of our unpublished data.

show abstract

“…Currently, there are 1170 recognized sea anemone species (WoRMS, 2023a). Except for pelagic and parasitic life stages (McDermott et al, 1982; Reitzel et al, 2009; Shick, 1991), sea anemones are predominately benthic and found in habitats ranging from intertidal tropical waters to the greatest depths of the polar seas (Daly et al, 2008; Fautin, 1989). This extensive distribution of sea anemones and their ability to survive in a wide spectrum of environments is often partly attributed to their suite of purpose‐built microscopic armaments known as cnidae (Kass‐Simon & Scappaticci, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of cnidae within a small clonal sea anemone (Isactinia sp.)

Kaposi,

Mitchell,

Courtney

et al. 2023

Invertebrate Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The cnidom and intraspecific variability of cnidae within the small sea anemone Isactinia sp. were verified. The specific cnidae within the cnidom of four discrete morphological structures (tentacle, actinopharynx, mesenterial filaments, and body column) within Isactinia sp. was investigated. Microbasic b‐mastigophores, microbasic p‐mastigophores, basitrichs, microbasic p‐amastigophores, and spirocysts were found in this species. In addition, two morphologically distinct basitrich forms, distinguishable only in a discharged state, were also found, of which basitrichs with the distinctly shorter thread were found predominately only on the body column. The distribution and abundance of cnidae types differed significantly around the body in the sea anemones, as did the length of basitrichs and spirocysts among tissue types. Cnidae length also differed significantly among individuals. Correlations between cnidae length and sea anemone size were variable, whereby cnidae size was significantly negatively correlated to sea anemone size in seven cnidae–tissue combinations, positively correlated in one, and not correlated in two. Linear regression revealed that sea anemone size was able to explain 33%–68% of variation in size of b‐mastigophores, p‐amastigophores, and small basitrichs from within the mesenterial filaments. Correlations were negligible or not significant in remaining cnidae–tissue combinations, however. While providing key taxonomic cnidae information, this study also highlights the variability of cnidae that may occur within a species of Isactinia.

show abstract

The Occurrence of the Anemone Peachia parasitica as a Symbiont in the Scyphozoan Cyanea capillata in the Lower Chesapeake Bay

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Ecological and Developmental Dynamics of a Host-Parasite System Involving a Sea Anemone and Two Ctenophores

Ecological and Developmental Dynamics of a Host-Parasite System Involving a Sea Anemone and Two Ctenophores

Symbionts of marine medusae and ctenophores

Variability of cnidae within a small clonal sea anemone (Isactinia sp.)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About