The occurrence of Pneumocystis jirovecii in people from three different age groups of Warsaw (Poland) community

Gołąb, Elżbieta; Sadkowska-Todys, Małgorzata; Szkoda, M. T.; Dzbeński, Tadeusz H

doi:10.2478/s11686-008-0003-1

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…The most popular adjuvants, among those used so far, are aluminum compounds, such as aluminum hydroxide. The adjuvant on which the antigen is adsorbed allows reducing the rate of release of this antigen, which makes it possible to increase the post-vaccination response [ 9 ].…”

Section: Current Covid-19 Vaccine Platformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccines over Three Years after the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Epidemic

Zasada,

Darlińska,

Wiatrzyk

et al. 2023

Viruses

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The outbreak of COVID-19 started in December 2019 and spread rapidly all over the world. It became clear that the development of an effective vaccine was the only way to stop the pandemic. It was the first time in the history of infectious diseases that the process of the development of a new vaccine was conducted on such a large scale and accelerated so rapidly. At the end of 2020, the first COVID-19 vaccines were approved for marketing. At the end of March 2023, over three years after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, 199 vaccines were in pre-clinical development and 183 in clinical development. The candidate vaccines in the clinical phase are based on the following platforms: protein subunit, DNA, RNA, non-replication viral vector, replicating viral vector, inactivated virus, virus-like particles, live attenuated virus, replicating viral vector combined with an antigen-presenting cell, non-replication viral vector combined with an antigen-presenting cell, and bacterial antigen-spore expression vector. Some of the new vaccine platforms have been approved for the first time for human application. This review presents COVID-19 vaccines currently available in the world, procedures for assurance of the quality and safety of the vaccines, the vaccinated population, as well as future perspectives for the new vaccine platforms in drug and therapy development for infectious and non-infectious diseases.

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Section: Current Covid-19 Vaccine Platformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccines over Three Years after the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Epidemic

Zasada,

Darlińska,

Wiatrzyk

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Complexity of the MSG gene family of Pneumocystis carinii

Keely

Stringer

2009

BMC Genomics

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Background: The relationship between the parasitic fungus Pneumocystis carinii and its host, the laboratory rat, presumably involves features that allow the fungus to circumvent attacks by the immune system. It is hypothesized that the major surface glycoprotein (MSG) gene family endows Pneumocystis with the capacity to vary its surface. This gene family is comprised of approximately 80 genes, which each are approximately 3 kb long. Expression of the MSG gene family is regulated by a cis-dependent mechanism that involves a unique telomeric site in the genome called the expression site. Only the MSG gene adjacent to the expression site is represented by messenger RNA. Several P. carinii MSG genes have been sequenced, which showed that genes in the family can encode distinct isoforms of MSG. The vast majority of family members have not been characterized at the sequence level.

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The occurrence of Pneumocystis jirovecii in people from three different age groups of Warsaw (Poland) community

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

COVID-19 Vaccines over Three Years after the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Epidemic

COVID-19 Vaccines over Three Years after the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Epidemic

Complexity of the MSG gene family of Pneumocystis carinii

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