The occurrence of homologues of acetylcholine in ox spleen

Banister, Jean; Whittaker, V. P.; Wijesundera, S.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1953.sp004930

Cited by 93 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…However, the peculiarity of this arrangement made it a possibility that this difference might manifest itself by the release of a chemical transmitter not identical with acetylcholine, but possibly of another ester of choline, and that this ester determines the substrate specificity of the cholinesterase in the nerve endings. If the transmitter were, for example, propionylcholine, a substance which has been shown to occur naturally in some tissues (Banister, Whittaker & Wijesundera, 1953), then the results of Dale & Feldberg would have been substantially similar to those they obtained, but the characteristics of the cholinesterase required to inactivate this choline ester in vivo would be those of a nonspecific pseudo-cholinesterase rather than of specific or true cholinesterase which is usually associated with cholinergic nerve endings. In this connexion it is interesting to note that Ord & Thompson (1951) have described a cholinesterase with a high degree of specificity for the hydrolysis of propionylcholine.…”

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confidence: 77%

Cholinesterase and amine oxidase in the skin: a histochemical investigation

Hellmann¹

1955

The Journal of Physiology

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confidence: 77%

Cholinesterase and amine oxidase in the skin: a histochemical investigation

Hellmann¹

1955

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Since Banister, Whittaker & Wijesundera (1953) have isolated propionylcholine from the spleen, we were anxious to compare our extract with this substance, of which we were kindly given a supply by Dr P. Hey. We made a careful comparison of extract 3 with propionylcholine and found the following values.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The formation of an acetylcholine‐like substance by the isolated rabbit heart

Briscoe¹,

Burn²

1954

The Journal of Physiology

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In the experiments carried out to demonstrate humoral transmission at the neuromuscular junction, Dale, Feldberg & Vogt (1936) showed that the stimulation of the motor nerve while the muscle was perfused with eserinized Ringer's solution was -followed by the appearance of acetylcholine (ACh) EXPERIMENTAL METHODSFreshly excised rabbit hearts were perfused at 35-37°C with Locke's solution (containing 0 05 % NaHCO3 and 0-1 % dextrose) until all traces of blood were removed and the beat was well established. The reservoir in the water-bath above the heart, having been emptied of Locke's solution, was then refilled with about 30 ml. Locke's solution containing eserine sulphate 4 x 10-6g/ ml. From the reservoir the solution ran down a jacketed tube to a cannula tied in the aorta. The heart was enclosed by a glass cup, in the bottom of which the perfusate collected and ran out through a tube which then turned horizontal for a distance of about 17 cm. At the end of the horizontal tube the perfusate was carried vertically upwards by a stream of oxygen, and so back to the reservoir. The perfusing fluid was thus circulated through the heart and back to the reservoir for 40 min or longer during which samples were withdrawn to test on the dorsal muscle of the leech. In some experiments when the fluid was withdrawn it was replaced by fresh solution for a second period of perfusion.To obtain the active material in the perfusate in a more concentrated form, it was taken to dryness by the process of 'freeze-drying'. The residue was extracted with absolute ethanol saturated with NaCl, using 7-5 ml. ethanol for the residue from 30 ml. perfusate. The alcoholic extract was then taken to dryness at a temperature not exceeding 400 C under reduced pressure.The residue was dissolved in 2-5 ml. of a mixture of 1-65 ml. frog saline (0-7 % NaCl solution) and 0-85 ml. distilled water.The extracts so prepared were tested on cat blood pressure, frog heart and frog rectus muscle.For the blood pressure cats were anaesthetized with chloralose; when small amounts of ACh did

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“…The presence of ACh in concentrations up to 50 mg/g in dry hornet venom sacs and of a substance resembling DMAC, in concentrations of 1-2 mg/g, in the prothoracic (defensive) gland of the Garden Tiger Moth (A. Caja) (Bisset et al 1960) (Chang & Gaddum, 1933) or of PrCh in ox spleen (Banister et al 1953) has never been explained. The existence in nature of active choline esters other than ACh also underlines the need for specific identification of substances in tissues which show the general biological properties of ACh.…”

Section: Kininmentioning

confidence: 99%