The Occurrence of Fusarium Species in Canada: Vi. Taxonomy and Geographic Distribution of Fusarium Species on Plants, Insects, and Fungi

Gordon, W. L.

doi:10.1139/b59-021

Cited by 47 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Contamination by mycotoxins makes barley unacceptable for malting and brewing (Beattie et al 1998;Salas et al 1999). (Abramson et al 1998;Clear et al 1996;Gordon 1959;McCallum et al 2000;Sturz and Johnston 1985). Of these species, F. graminearum is considered the most important causal agent of FHB in Canada (Clear et al 1996;Tekauz et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Fusarium species causing head blight in barley

Xue

Butler

et al. 2006

phyto

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AbstractThe pathogenicity of eightFusariumspecies causing fusarium head blight (FHB) in barley was studied under controlled conditions. Six barley genotypes varying in resistance to FHB were artificially inoculated with six isolates each ofF. acuminatum,F. avenaceum,F. crookwellense,F. culmorum,F. equiseti,F. graminearum,F. poaeandF. sporotrichioides10-14 d after heading. Symptoms of FHB were rated as disease severity using a 0-9 scale, 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 d after inoculation, and as percentage of infected spikelets (IS) after 21 d. All species tested caused head blight symptoms on the barley genotypes, but onlyF. crookwellense,F. culmorumandF. graminearumresulted in severe disease development (> 65% IS) and were considered highly pathogenic.Fusarium avenaceumhad 48% IS, which was significantly lower than those of the three highly pathogenic species and was moderately pathogenic. The remaining species had < 15% IS and were weakly pathogenic. There were significant differences (P< 0.05) in aggressiveness among isolates within species and in susceptibility among barley genotypes, suggesting that screening for resistance to FHB requires the use of aggressive isolates or a mixture of several isolates. This is the first report showing thatF. crookwellenseis highly pathogenic andF. avenaceumis moderately pathogenic on barley.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Fusarium species causing head blight in barley

Xue

Butler

et al. 2006

phyto

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“…Fusarium species are widely distributed in soil and on subterranean and aerial plant parts, plant debris, and other organic substrates (28,32,79,255). They are common in tropical and temperate regions and are also found in desert, alpine, and arctic areas, where harsh climatic conditions prevail (28, 32, 35, 59, 77, 78, 80, 92, 98, 110, 117, 162-164, 242, 251, 255).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomy, biology, and clinical aspects of Fusarium species

1994

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There are several taxonomic systems available for identifying Fusarium species. The philosophy used in each taxonomic system is discussed as well as problems encountered in working with Fusarium species in culture. Fusarium species are toxigenic, and the mycotoxins produced by these organisms are often associated with animal and human diseases. The implications for the association of the carcinogens, fumonisins, produced by Fusarium moniliforme and other Fusarium species with human diseases are discussed. Foreign-body-associated fusarial infection such as keratitis in contact lens wearers, onychomycosis, skin infections, and disseminated multiorgan infections are discussed. Disseminated fusarial hyalohyphomycosis has emerged as a significant, usually fatal infection in the immunocompromised host. Successful outcome is determined by the degree of immunosuppression, the extent of the infection, and the presence of a removable focus such as an indwelling central venous catheter. These infections may be clinically suspected on the basis of a constellation of clinical and laboratory findings, which should lead to prompt therapy, probably with one of the newer antifungal agents. Perhaps the use of such agents or the use of colony-stimulating factors may improve the outcome of this devastating infection. However, until new approaches for treatment develop, effective preventive measures are urgently needed.

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“…The fact that several Fusarium species have been isolated on a wide range of insects indicates that insects may also act as vectors (Miller et al, 1998). For example, mites have been reported to transport F. poae spores (Parry et al, 1995), and according to Gordon (1959), insects have been reported to carry…”

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confidence: 99%

Agronomic practices influence the infection of an oats cultivar with Fusarium langsethiae

Imathiu

Ray

Back³

et al. 2017

Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica

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Fusarium langsethiae, a toxigenic fungus known to contaminate small-grain cereals with type A trichothecene mycotoxins, HT-2 and T-2 was described as a new species in 2004. HT-2 and T-2 are some of the most potent Fusarium toxins in eukaryotes, capable of inhibiting protein synthesis. The epidemiology of F. langsethiae is not well understood and with the intent of the European Commission to set maximum levels of contamination of cereals with these toxins, importance is currently placed in trying to understand the fungal infection process and its favorable growth conditions. A field study was carried out to investigate the effect of artificially inoculated oats straw, ploughing and minimum tillage with and without incorporated crop debris (straw) on infection and mycotoxin production by F. langsethiae on oats cultivar Gerald. The results indicated that cultural field practices had effects on the infection of oats by F. langsethiae. Fusarium langsethiae DNA was quantified in significantly larger amounts (p<0.05) in minimum tilled with incorporated straw plot samples than in other plot samples. It was also shown that inoculated straw had no significant effect (p>0.05) on oat infection by F. langsethiae as quantified by DNA concentration. HT-2+T-2 quantification and analysis, gave no good evidence that either inoculation or cultural practice had any significant influence on the concentration of mycotoxins in the samples (p>0.05), but samples from minimum tillage with incorporated straw plots resulted in 2.5 times more HT-2+T-2 toxins than samples from ploughed with removed straw. These findings indicate the importance of tillage and crop debris management in the mitigation in an effort to prevent F. langsethiae infection, colonization and possible contamination of oats with HT-2 and T-2 toxins.

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The Occurrence of Fusarium Species in Canada: Vi. Taxonomy and Geographic Distribution of Fusarium Species on Plants, Insects, and Fungi

Cited by 47 publications

References 10 publications

Pathogenicity of Fusarium species causing head blight in barley

Pathogenicity of Fusarium species causing head blight in barley

Taxonomy, biology, and clinical aspects of Fusarium species

Agronomic practices influence the infection of an oats cultivar with Fusarium langsethiae

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