The occurrence of bisulfite-aldehyde addition products in fog- and cloudwater

Munger, J. William; Jacob, Daniel; Hoffmann, Michael R.

doi:10.1007/bf00053799

Cited by 117 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Isoprene is the largest global source of glyoxal and methylglyoxal , α-dicarbonyls that are highly water soluble (effective Henry's law constant >10 5 M atm −1 and >10 3 M atm −1 respectively, at 25 • C) (Betterton and Hoffmann, 1988;Zhou and Mopper, 1990). Both are often found in cloud and fog water (glyoxal up to 276 µM, methylglyoxal up to 128 µM) (Munger et al, 1984;Gunz and Hoffmann, 1990;Chebbi and Carlier, 1996), as well as in ambient aerosol from a variety of environments (Kawamura and Usukura, 1993;Sempere and Kawamura, 1994;.…”

Section: Studies Of Formation Of Low-volatility Species From Aqueous mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) formation from isoprene

2009

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Abstract. Recent field and laboratory evidence indicates that the oxidation of isoprene, (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, C 5 H 8 ) forms secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Global biogenic emissions of isoprene (600 Tg yr −1 ) are sufficiently large that the formation of SOA in even small yields results in substantial production of atmospheric particulate matter, likely having implications for air quality and climate. Here we present a review of field measurements, experimental work, and modeling studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms, yield, and atmospheric importance of isoprene-derived SOA. SOA yields depend on a number of factors, including organic aerosol loading (M o ), NO x level (RO 2 chemistry), and, because of the importance of multigenerational chemistry, the degree of oxidation. These dependences are not always included in SOA modules used in atmospheric transport models, and instead most yield parameterizations rely on a single set of chamber experiments (carried out over a limited range of conditions); this may lead to very different estimates of the atmospheric importance of isoprene SOA. New yield parameterizations, based on all available laboratory data (M o =0-50 µg m −3 ), are presented here, so that SOA formation may be computed as a function of M o , NO x level, and temperature. Current research needs and future research directions are identified.

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Section: Studies Of Formation Of Low-volatility Species From Aqueous mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) formation from isoprene

2009

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“…Analyses were performed by using the Nash method [Nash, 1953]. This method has been used successfully in the past [Klippel and Warneck, 1978;Thompson, 1980;Munger et al, 1984;. The diacetyl dihydrolutidin obtained from the reaction between acetylacetone, ammonium, and formaldehyde was measured at 412 nm spectrophotometrically.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface measurements of formaldehyde and formic and acetic acids at a subtropical semiarid site in India

Khare¹,

Satsangi²,

Kumar³

et al. 1997

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. Vapor phase formaldehyde, formic acid, and acetic acid (HCHO, HCOOH, and CHaCOOH ) were measured at Dayalbagh, a suburban site in Agra. The average mixing ratios of formaldehyde, formic acid and acetic acid for the entire data set (N=60) were 0.8 + 0.5 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), 1.4 + 0.8 ppbv, and 0.9 + 0.3 ppbv, respectively. Maximum levels of HCHO were observed between 1500 and 1900 hours (LT) possibly because of an increase in in situ formation up to 1600 hours. The extension of maximum concentration up to 1900 hours was probably due to low rates of HCHO removal as a result of diminished insolation and a decrease in OH concentration. Formic and acetic acids showed elevated levels between 1000 and 1600 hours, probably due to active photochemistry and direct emissions. HCOOH and CHaCOOH correlated significantly with each other but not with HCHO. This finding suggested the origin of both the acids from the same sources, while HCHO had different pathways. Rates of direct emission, in situ formation, and removal by dry deposition were estimated for both acids. In situ reaction produced more formic acid than acetic acid. Production of acetic acid was seen to be dominated by direct emissions. The production estimates exceed removal by a factor of =2.5; these fall within the uncertainty limits.

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“…We neglect solubility-driven partitioning of HCHO into particulate matter, which is likely to be minor (Munger et al, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of elevated formaldehyde over a forest canopy suggest missing sources from rapid oxidation of arboreal hydrocarbons

et al. 2010

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Abstract.To better understand the processing of biogenic VOCs (BVOCs) in the pine forests of the US Sierra Nevada, we measured HCHO at Blodgett Research Station using Quantum Cascade Laser Spectroscopy (QCLS) during the Biosphere Effects on Aerosols and Photochemistry Experiment (BEARPEX) of late summer 2007. Four days of the experiment exhibited particularly copious HCHO, with midday peaks between 15-20 ppbv, while the other days developed delayed maxima between 8-14 ppbv in the early evening. From the expansive photochemical data set, we attempt to explain the observed HCHO concentrations by quantifying the various known photochemical production and loss terms in its chemical budget. Overall, known chemistry predicts a factor of 3-5 times less HCHO than observed. By examining diurnal patterns of the various budget terms we conclude that, during the high HCHO period, local, highly reactive oxidation chemistry produces an abundance of formaldehyde at the site. The results support the hypothesis of previous work at Blodgett Forest suggesting that large quantities of oxidation products, observed directly above the ponderosa pine canopy, Correspondence to: W. Choi (wschoi@ucdavis.edu) are evidence of profuse emissions of very reactive volatile organic compounds (VR-VOCs) from the forest. However, on the majority of days, under generally cooler and more moist conditions, lower levels of HCHO develop primarily influenced by the influx of precursors transported into the region along with the Sacramento plume.

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The occurrence of bisulfite-aldehyde addition products in fog- and cloudwater

Cited by 117 publications

References 29 publications

A review of Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) formation from isoprene

A review of Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) formation from isoprene

Surface measurements of formaldehyde and formic and acetic acids at a subtropical semiarid site in India

Observations of elevated formaldehyde over a forest canopy suggest missing sources from rapid oxidation of arboreal hydrocarbons

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