The occurrence of aristolochic acids in neotropical troidine swallowtails (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)

Klitzke, Clécio F.; Brown, Keith

doi:10.1007/s000490050013

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In contrast to findings reported by Klitzke & Brown (2000) who analyzed neotropical troidine swallowtails, which all contained aristolochic acids in moderate concentrations (between 3 to 90 mg per insect), a higher variability of these compounds among troidine species from South-East Asia can be assumed from the present data: there are specimens with very high concentrations beside those with low values or even none. However, this variation may be influenced by the small sample size, particularly when considering specimens which are not products of butterfly farming and where information on the food plants of the larvae was not available.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…kingfisher, have also been recorded to take Troides papuensis larvae (Parsons 1999), although passerine birds are apparently deterred by aristolochic acids (Nishida & Fukami 1989). Whether a high variability in aristolochic acid contents of larval and adult stages of troidine butterflies justify the conclusion that an automimicry phenomenon may exist by assuming a defensive effect of these compounds (Klitzke & Brown 2000), needs further research.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent paper, Klitzke & Brown (2000) found variable aristolochic acid concentrations in several neotropical troidine species. Parsons (1996) suggested that the close relationship between the large South-East Asian birdwing butterflies (Ornithoptera, Troides, Trogonoptera spp.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Aristolochic acid content of South-East Asian troidine swallowtails (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and of Aristolochia plant species (Aristolochiaceae)

Mebs

Schneider²

2002

Chemoecology

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Analysis of South-East Asian troidine swallowtails revealed high variability in the content of aristolochic acids among individuals. The presence or absence of these compounds depends on the Aristolochia species available as food plant for the larvae. Only one plant species (Aristolochia philippinensis) contained a high concentration of aristolochic acids, while other species from various localities contained none or only marginal amounts. Whether aristolochic acids have a distinct function in chemical defense of these swallowtails is still an open question.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aristolochic acid content of South-East Asian troidine swallowtails (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and of Aristolochia plant species (Aristolochiaceae)

Mebs

Schneider²

2002

Chemoecology

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“…Rejection by birds of aposematic adult Troidini whose larvae feed on Aristolochia was described 35 years ago 38,41,53 and aristolochic acids were found in several members of this tribe [87][88][89] . Chicks and ants also tasterejected the aposematic larvae of the swallowtail butterfly Battus polydamas, but other invertebrate predators such as the reduviid bugs Arilus sp.…”

Section: Aristolochic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemistry of antipredator defense by secondary compounds in neotropical lepidoptera: facts, perspectives and caveats

Trigo

2000

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

102

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Defesas químicas em lepidópteros contra predadores têm sido observadas desde o século XIX. O caso clássico de proteção química contra predadores é o da borboleta monarca, Danaus plexippus, cuja larva seqüestra cardenolidas de sua planta hospedeira Asclepias curassavica e transfere-as para os adultos tornando-os impalatáveis para pássaros. Entretanto diversas outras substâncias podem estar envolvidas na proteção química de lepidópteros neotropicais (glicosídeos iridóides, glicosídeos cianogênicos, glicosinolatos, alcalóides pirrolizidínicos e tropânicos, ácidos aristolóquicos, inibidores de glicosidase, pirazinas). Esses compostos podem ser seqüestrados da planta hospedeira larval, obtidos de fontes vegetais visitadas por adultos ou biossintetizados de novo. Os lepidópteros conhecidos como impalatáveis para predadores vertebrados e/ou invertebrados são as borboletas Troidini (Papilionidae), Pierinae (Pieridae), Eurytelinae, Melitaeinae, Danainae, Ithomiinae, Heliconiinae e Acraeinae (Nymphalidae) e mariposas Arctiidae. Entretanto informações sobre as substâncias que são responsáveis pela impalatabilidade e como elas são adquiridas nem sempre são obtidas. Esse artigo de revisão aborda principalmente observações de campo e laboratório sobre a rejeição de borboletas e mariposas neotropicais por predadores, correlações entre impalatabilidade e substâncias químicas encontradas nos insetos e bioensaios que demonstrem a atividade dessas substâncias contra predadores. Perspectivas são sugeridas para esses tópicos.Chemical defense against predation in butterflies and moths has been studied since nineteenth century. A classical example is that of the larvae of the monarch butterfly Danaus plexippus, which feed on leaves of Asclepias curassavica (Asclepiadaceae), sequestering cardenolides. The adults are protected against predation by birds. Several other substances may be involved in chemical defense, such as iridoid glycosides, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, pyrrolizidine and tropane alkaloids, aristolochic acids, glycosidase inhibitors and pyrazines. The acquisition of these substances by lepidopterans can be due to sequestration from larval or adult host plants or de novo biosynthesis. Many Lepidoptera are known to be unpalatable, including the butterflies Troidini (Papilionidae), Pierinae (Pieridae), Eurytelinae, Melitaeinae, Danainae, Ithomiinae, Heliconiinae and Acraeinae (Nymphalidae), and Arctiidae moths, but knowledge of the chemical substances responsible for property is often scarce. This review discusses mainly three topics: field and laboratory observations on rejection of butterflies and moths by predators, correlation between unpalatability and chemicals found in these insects, and bioassays that test the activity of these chemicals against predators. Perspectives and future directions are suggested for this subject.

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“…Larvae of many swallowtail butterflies (Papilionidae) feed on plant species in the genus Aristolochiu (family Aristolochiaceae) which are a source of bitter tasting, genotoxic nitro compounds of the aristolochic acid series (Teuscher and Lindequist, 1994;Nishida, 1995;Klitzke and Brown, 2000). Larvae of Atrophaneuru alcinous sequester aristolochic acids which are transferred to the adults.…”

Section: Bitter Aristolochic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Protection of Insect Eggs

Blum¹,

Hilker²

2003

Chemoecology of Insect Eggs and Egg Deposition

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The occurrence of aristolochic acids in neotropical troidine swallowtails (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)

Cited by 36 publications

References 15 publications

Aristolochic acid content of South-East Asian troidine swallowtails (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and of Aristolochia plant species (Aristolochiaceae)

Aristolochic acid content of South-East Asian troidine swallowtails (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and of Aristolochia plant species (Aristolochiaceae)

The chemistry of antipredator defense by secondary compounds in neotropical lepidoptera: facts, perspectives and caveats

Chemical Protection of Insect Eggs

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