The occurrence and distribution of major viruses infecting cucurbits in Tamil Nadu state, India

The Florida strain of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV-FL) is one of the major viral diseases of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai]. Although some screening has been performed for ZYMV resistance in watermelon, the germplasm collection has not been screened extensively for resistance. The objectives of this study were to screen the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) watermelon germplasm collection for ZYMV resistance and to verify the disease rating for the most resistant and most susceptible accessions. We used a randomized complete block with four replications, 1613 PI accessions, and 41 cultivars. ‘Charleston Gray’ and ‘Crimson Sweet’ susceptible controls were used to verify that the ZYMV inoculum was virulent. After the last rating, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the presence of a virus in the plant tissue. The PI accessions with high resistance to ZYMV-FL that also exhibited resistance to other watermelon viruses were PI 595203, PI 386015, PI 386016, PI 386024, PI 386025, PI 386026, PI 244018, PI 244019, PI 485583, PI 494528, and PI 494529. The ZYMV-FL retest of the most resistant 46 PI accessions showed that there were some escapes. Sixteen resistant PI accessions had a rating of 3.0 or less for the average and maximum ratings: PI 595203, PI 537277, PI 560016, PI 386016, PI 386019, PI 485580, PI 494529, PI 595200, PI 494528, PI 595201, PI 386025, PI 494530, PI 386015, PI 386021, PI 386026, and PI 596662. Overall, PI 595203 had the highest resistance according to both the germplasm screening and the retest studies.

“…Viruses cause blotching and distortion of fruit that make them unmarketable. Therefore, viruses can result in yield losses of 50% to 100% (Nagendran et al, 2017;Yu et al, 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Resistance to Zucchini yellow mosaic virus in the Watermelon Germplasm

Guner¹,

Pesic‐VanEsbroeck²,

Rivera-Burgos³

et al. 2019

“…In the field, PRSV-W outbreaks are quite difficult to control, leaving breeding for disease resistance as the most suitable method to control PRSV-W epidemics. Hence, the use of commercial cultivars with high resistance to PRSV-W would stabilize yield and improve fruit quality in watermelon production areas worldwide (Ali et al, 2012;Nagendran et al, 2017;Romay et al, 2014;Turechek et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cultural controls such as treatment with mineral oil sprays, light-reflective surfaces, and cross-protection with weak PRSV-W isolates show limited effectiveness and require additional input costs. Therefore, genetic resistance remains the simplest, most effective, and most efficient mean of limiting losses to these diseases (Ali et al, 2012;Levi et al, 2016;Nagendran et al, 2017;Yu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of Resistance to Papaya Ringspot Virus-Watermelon Strain in Watermelon

Guner¹,

Pesic‐VanEsbroeck

Rivera-Burgos

et al. 2018

Sources of resistance to the watermelon strain of papaya ringspot virus-watermelon strain (PRSV-W) have been identified within the watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) germplasm collection. Inheritance of the resistance to PRSV-W was studied in three Citrullus amarus (formerly C. lanatus var. citroides) PI accessions: PI 244017, PI 244019, and PI 485583. Three susceptible parent lines, ‘Allsweet’, ‘Calhoun Gray’, and ‘New Hampshire Midget’, were crossed with resistant PI accessions to develop F1, F2, and BC1 progenies in six families. A single recessive gene was found to control the resistance to PRSV-W in all three resistant PI accessions. Allelism tests indicated that the three PI accessions carry the same resistance allele to PRSV-W. The gene symbol ‘prv’ is proposed for PRSV-W resistance in PI 244017, PI 244019, and PI 485583 in watermelon.

“…ZYMV infects all the agriculturally important species of Cucurbitaceae family (e.g., C. lanatus, Cucumis sativus, Cucumis melo, and Cucurbita spp.) and is considered the most destructive virus in watermelon production worldwide (Nagendran et al, 2017;Provvidenti, 1991). ZYMV is transmitted in a nonpersistent manner by several aphid species (e.g., Aphis gossypii Glover) and easily transmitted mechanically.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants infected with any of the ZYMV strains reduce their photosynthetic capacity and display stunted growth, deformed fruit, and early mortality (Guner and Wehner, 2008). Symptoms of severe ZYMV infection in cucurbit crops include yellow mosaic, stunting, blistering, and laminar reduction on leaves, and fruit remaining small, developing knobby areas, greatly malformed, and mottled (Nagendran et al, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of Resistance to Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus in Watermelon

Guner¹,

Rivera-Burgos²,

Wehner³

2018

Sources of resistance to the Zucchini yellow mosaic virus-Florida strain (ZYMV-FL) have been identified within the Citrullus genus. Inheritance of resistance to ZYMV-FL was studied in PI 595203 (Citrullus mucosospermus), a resistant watermelon accession. The F1, F2, and BC1 progenies derived from the cross ‘Calhoun Gray’ (CHG) × PI 595203 and ‘New Hampshire Midget’ (NHM) × PI 595203 were used to study the inheritance of resistance to ZYMV-FL. Seedlings were inoculated with a severe isolate of ZYMV-FL at the first true leaf stage and rated weekly for at least 6 weeks on a scale of 1 to 9 on the basis of severity of viral symptoms. A single recessive gene (zym-FL) was found to control the high level of resistance to ZYMV-FL in PI 595203.