Cataloging-in-publication data are on file with the Library of Congress (URL http://www.loc.gov/). FRONT COVER False-color satellite image (Landsat Thematic Mapper) of Searles Valley, California. North is at the top. The valley is flanked by the Slate Range on the east and the Argus Range and Spangler Hills on the west. The linear feature trending east-northeast from southwest corner of image is the Garlock Fault. Scale: widest part of valley near middle of Searles Lake is 15 km; vertical dark line north of lake is 1,800-m-long airport runway. Image is a band-ratio composite, in which blue indicates Fe 3+ in the reflecting material, green indicates Fe 2+ , and red reflects clay, CO 3 , and vegetation. Yellow is produced by mixtures of red and green. Searles Lake (left center) is largely magenta and dark blue, colors caused by differing mixtures of Fe 3+-bearing clays and CO 3 (straight lines on the lake surface are roads and evaporating-pond dikes). Alluvial fan surfaces east and north of the lake are mostly green because of the abundance of Fe 2+ in detritus from metamorphic rocks from the Slate Range (note erosional shorelines northeast of lake and curved offshore bars north of lake); fans west and south are also green but have areas of blue (more Fe 3+-bearing volcanic rocks and desert varnish) and red (CO 3-and clay-rich lacustrine sediments). Orange bands on the flanks of the Argus Range and Spangler Hills are caused by the impure CO 3 in massive tufa deposits near the highest lake shoreline (carbonate bedrock in mountain areas in northeast part of image also shows orange hues). Photograph courtesy of Ronald Blom, Jet Propulsion Laboratory,