The occupational role of women in military service: Validation of occupation and prevalence of exposures in the Millennium Cohort Study

Smith, Tyler C.; Jacobson, Isabel G.; Smith, Besa; Hooper, Tomoko I.; Ryan, Margaret A. K.

doi:10.1080/09603120701372243

Cited by 71 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In the U.S., policy changes in the early 1990s made it possible for women to fill combat-related roles [169] and U.S. women are increasingly exposed to combat [120]. Female U.S. veterans identified combat experiences, military sexual trauma, and separation from family as major stressors, in addition to post-deployment reintegration problems [124].…”

Section: Different Exposures and Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, obtaining valid information on occupational risk factors among women has become increasingly important [169].…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As women constitute an increasing percentage of the Australian [15,69] and U.S. Defence Forces [20,53], they will form increasingly higher proportions of exserving and veteran populations in years to come. Obtaining valid information on occupational risk factors among women has become increasingly important [169] and will continue to do so.…”

Section: Introduction and Research Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Physical comorbidities of post‐traumatic stress disorder in Australian Vietnam War veterans

McLeay

Harvey

Romaniuk

et al. 2017

Medical Journal of Australia

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Section: Different Exposures and Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, obtaining valid information on occupational risk factors among women has become increasingly important [169].…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and Research Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Physical comorbidities of post‐traumatic stress disorder in Australian Vietnam War veterans

McLeay

Harvey

Romaniuk

et al. 2017

Medical Journal of Australia

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“…These work conditions increase the risk of SU, psychological problems, and life-threatening injuries (Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, 2012b;Hoge et al, 2005;Seal et al, 2007;Smith, Zamorski, Smith, Riddle, LeardMann, Wells, et al, 2007b). Military men and women increasingly perform similar military and deployment duties, although differences still exist (Lindstrom et al, 2006;Smith et al, 2007a). Performing military duties similar to men may increase women's occupational stress and SU problems prior to deployment, physical and social availability of alcohol, and work-related drinking.…”

Section: Gender Differences In the Military Context Influencing Substmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in substance use treatment utilization the year prior to deployment in army service members

Wooten

Mohr

Lundgren

et al. 2014

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oAlthough military men have heavier drinking patterns, military women experience equal or higher rates of dependence symptoms and similar rates of alcohol-related problems as men at lower levels of consumption. Thus, gender may be important for understanding substance use treatment (SUT) utilization before deployment. Military health system data were analyzed to examine gender differences in both substance use diagnosis (SUDX) and SUT in 152,447 Army service members returning from deployments in FY2010. Propensity score analysis of probability of SUDX indicated that women had lower odds (AOR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.96) of military lifetime SUDX. After adjusting for lifetime SUDX using propensity score analysis, multivariate regression found women had substantially lower odds (AOR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.54-0.70) of using SUT the year prior to deployment. Findings suggest gender disparities in military-provided SUT and a need to consider whether military substance use assessment protocols are sensitive to gender differences.

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“…10 Recent reports confirm, however, that the Millennium Cohort baseline sample had minimal response bias and was representative of the larger military with respect to demographic, health, and exposure characteristics. 10,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Also, since smallpox vaccination is associated with deployment, and since deployment is healthdependent, stratification was applied in an attempt to mitigate the effect deployment may have on health, independent of smallpox vaccination. Furthermore, while the Millennium Cohort Study provides an excellent opportunity to examine health outcomes longitudinally, these data were not collected for the purposes of this specific study.…”

confidence: 99%

Self-reported adverse health events following smallpox vaccination in a large prospective study of US military service members

Wells¹,

LeardMann²,

Smith³

et al. 2008

Human Vaccines

Self Cite

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© 2 0 0 8 L A N D E S B I O S C I E N C E . D O N O T D I S T R I B U T E .vaccination site. 3 Moderate to severe adverse reactions include bullous erythema multiforme (Stevens-Johnson syndrome), eczema vaccinatum, generalized vaccinia, progressive vaccinia, and postvaccinal encephalitis. 3 More recently, the Department of Defense resumed smallpox vaccination for US military forces amid growing concerns that smallpox might be employed as a bioterrorist weapon. 4 Following reinstatement, reported adverse events were generally mild in nature, with the exception of an increased risk of myopericarditis predominantly among white males aged 21-44 years of age. Onset of myopericarditis symptoms in these cases occurred between 2 to 25 days following primary vaccination. [5][6][7][8][9] Most evaluations of vaccine safety rely on case series or retrospective reviews of acute health care. In contrast, the Millennium Cohort Study, the largest prospective study in military history designed to follow over 140,000 US service members for 21 years from 2001 through 2022, provides a unique opportunity to evaluate a wide range of subacute or chronic health outcomes potentially associated with smallpox vaccine. 10 ResultsOf the 55,021 Millennium Cohort participants who completed both a baseline and follow-up questionnaire, 45,284 had concordant self-reported and electronic smallpox vaccination records. Individuals vaccinated before taking their baseline survey (n = 74), and individuals vaccinated during the 30 days period prior to starting or while taking their follow-up survey (n = 283) were excluded. In addition, individuals who deployed to the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) before completing their baseline survey (n = 2,378), completed their follow-up survey during a deployment (n = 1,672), or who were missing demographic or military covariate data (n = 405) were excluded. After exclusion criteria were applied, 40,472 individuals remained for analysis, 8,793 of whom received the smallpox vaccine and 31,679 who did not.The population was stratified by deployment status to GWOT, and characteristics of vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals

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The occupational role of women in military service: Validation of occupation and prevalence of exposures in the Millennium Cohort Study

Cited by 71 publications

References 33 publications

Physical comorbidities of post‐traumatic stress disorder in Australian Vietnam War veterans

Physical comorbidities of post‐traumatic stress disorder in Australian Vietnam War veterans

Gender differences in substance use treatment utilization the year prior to deployment in army service members

Self-reported adverse health events following smallpox vaccination in a large prospective study of US military service members

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