The Observations and Photochemistry of Atmospheric Ozone and Their Meteorological Significance

Craig, Richard A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-935704-88-1_1

Cited by 37 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…performed a study of a mathematical model of ozone di tributicn based on photochemical equilibrium below 41 kilometers, and the effect of transport processes upon this distribution. His conclusion, that "photochemical theory by itself cannot explain the latitudinal and seasonal variation of ozone, ' lends further support to ideas advanced by Craig (1950.…”

Section: Fo 3 May 1963 -------------------mentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Investigators (see, for example, Gotz, 1951;Ramanathan and Kulkarni, 1960;Kulkarni, 1962;Mateer and Godson, 1960;Craig, 1960Hering and Borden, 1965;or Bojkov, 1965or Bojkov, , 1969 It is worthwhile at this point to consider the expected distribution of ozone, assuming photochemical equilibrium. Gotz (1951), Craig (1950, , and Brewer and Wilson (1968) have discussed the origin and details of photochemical theory with respect to atmospheric ozone. Therefore, photochemical theory will not be reviewed here.…”

Section: A-8mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transport mechanisms must move the ozone from high equatorial source regions to the lower stratosphere in middle and high latitudes. From the lower stratosphere ozone is passed to the troposphere for eventual destruction with atmospheric constituents or the earth's surface (Craig, 1950. Craig further mentions that the process would have to be "most effective in middle and high latitudes in winter, when the total amount of ozone increases most rapidly" (Craig, 1950).…”

Section: Fo 3 May 1963 -------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the lower stratosphere ozone is passed to the troposphere for eventual destruction with atmospheric constituents or the earth's surface (Craig, 1950. Craig further mentions that the process would have to be "most effective in middle and high latitudes in winter, when the total amount of ozone increases most rapidly" (Craig, 1950). performed a study of a mathematical model of ozone di tributicn based on photochemical equilibrium below 41 kilometers, and the effect of transport processes upon this distribution.…”

Section: Fo 3 May 1963 -------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Dynamical Mechanisms Producing Large-Scale Transport of Atmospheric Trace Substances

Mahlman¹

1970

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:This is a compilation of research results performed under AEC Research Contract AT(49-7)-3206. All of the various efforts have been directed toward gaining a better understanding of the atmospheric processes which lead to systematic large-scale trace substance transport. A variety of approaches have been employed in this and in earlier work on this contract. The last article in this report provides an overview and critique of the applicability of these various methods. D. Mahiman-------------------------------- 11. A numerical simulation of the advective and diffusive transfer of trace substances in the stratosphere, by H. E. Willoughby-----------------------------III.' Numerical calculations of stratospheric ozone transport' by R. H. Stender-------------------------------IV. An overview of various research efforts and techniques employed for investigation of trace substance transport in the atmosphere , by J. An examination of the kinetic energy balance of this Jet stream reveals that the direct transverse circulation is strong enough to maintain the jet against frictional dissipation but not enough to provide lateral export of energy. However, significant amounts of energy are transferred upward into the lower stratosphere. D. Mahlman -----------------------------Further considerations are employed to show that the mean transverse circulation obtained here is compatible with the observed distributions of temperature and potential vorticity about the Jet core.1-2 I. IntroductionSince its quantitative documentation over cwenty-five years ago, the polar front or mid-latitude jet stream has been the subject of numerous intensive investigations. Much of the early interest in this Jet stream system was due to its obvious connection with the mid-latitude cyclone waves and their associated weather processes. Because these seemed to form an interacting system, many investigators became interested in the dynamical processes responsible for producing and maintaining this jet stream.According to Rossby (1947) and Staff Members (1947), the westerly jet stream in mid-latitudes is formed by lateral mixing processes with constant absolute angular momentum to the south of the Jet core and constant absolute vorticity to the north. This assumption yields a lateral velocity profile which is qualitatively reasonable. It was pointed out,however, that such a mechanism implies a thermally indirect transverse circulation about the jet core itself. Although such a mechanism is attractive because the systematic ascent of cold air and descent of warm air helps to maintain the strong lateral temperature contrast across the jet core, it leads to the possibly more difficult question, as to how the kinetic energy of the jet stream is maintained.Making use of this scheme, Palmen (1951) included this assumed indirect transverse circulation about the polar front jet stream in his model of the mean meridional circulation. In a study by Endlich (1953), fields of adiabatic vertical velocities were computed in the vicinity of a polar 1...

show abstract

Section: Fo 3 May 1963 -------------------mentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: A-8mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fo 3 May 1963 -------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fo 3 May 1963 -------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dynamical Mechanisms Producing Large-Scale Transport of Atmospheric Trace Substances

Mahlman¹

1970

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The diurnal variation of the wind field has been shown to be a general characteristic of MRN data . These measurements came as a surprise since theoretical considerations of solar ultraviolet absorption by ozone had led to the conclusion that the diurnal temperature variation would be smaller, of the order of 40 (Craig, 1950;Leovy, 1964). These new data would then indicate that solar heating of the ozonosphere is confined to a much thinner region of the upper stratosphere than had previously been assumed or that other heat transport processes exist, with a resulting need for an experimental reexamination of ozone structure and dynamic equilibrium in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere.…”

Section: Diurnal Circulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source of atmospheric electrification

Webb¹

1968

J. Geophys. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

WHT AD ISL AGNWMXC Ditiuio0fti reoti ulmtd 0cm UNTDSAE0RYELCRNC OMN BetAalbeCp DOC AVAILABILITY NOTICEDistribution of this :-eport is unlimited. DISPOSITION INSTRUCTIONSDestroy this report when it is no longer needed. Do not return it to the originator. PRECEDINGJ PAGE BLANK ABSTRACT Synoptic rocket exploration of the stratospheric circulation has revealed the presence of hemispheric tidal circulations which are indicated to be in part characterized by systematic vertical motions in low latitudes of the sunlit hemisphere. These vertical motions are powered by maridional oscillations in the stratospheric circulation produced by solar heating of the stratopause region, and serve as the energy source of electrical current systems which are postulated to result from an impressed electromotive force which is produced by charged particle mobility differences in the lower ionosphere as the tidal circulations tend to force these particles across the earth's magnetic field. These dynamo currents are variable with geometry and time variabilities of the tidal circulations as well as variability in the solar-induced conductivity of the E region. The semiconducting lower atmosphere and highly conducting earth's surface occupy the near field of the lower side of this current system with a resulting complex tropospheric electrical structure. Low impedance electric current paths along magnetic field linrs result in development of currents in the exosphere which are A driven and controlled by the electrical structure of the primary dynamo circuit and exert a control of their own through interaction with the solar wind. The basic physical process which provides the required electromotive force for maintenance of the earth's atmospheric environment electrical structure is thus indicated to center in thermally driven tidal motions in the lower ionosphere, with locally observed structure such as the fair-weather electric field,

show abstract

Ozone in the Atmosphere

Götz

1951

Compendium of Meteorology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Observations and Photochemistry of Atmospheric Ozone and Their Meteorological Significance

Cited by 37 publications

References 53 publications

Dynamical Mechanisms Producing Large-Scale Transport of Atmospheric Trace Substances

Dynamical Mechanisms Producing Large-Scale Transport of Atmospheric Trace Substances

Source of atmospheric electrification

Ozone in the Atmosphere

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About