The obligate autotroph — the demise of a concept

Rittenberg, Sydney C.

doi:10.1007/bf02328114

Cited by 41 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Mixotrophy has also been demonstrated for Alcaligenes eutrophus [10,53] and Thiobacillus intermedius [41], where 90% or more of the cell carbon may be derived from the organic substance and 10% or less from bicarbonate. The functional status and selective advantage of the mixotrophic way of life have been described previously [25,52]. The mixotrophic mechanisms may allow these cells, when competing under predominantly H2-determined autotrophic conditions, to compete with hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers.…”

Section: Microbial Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed culture hydrogenotrophic nitrate reduction in drinking water

et al. 1992

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Isolation and identification of the bacteria from a hydrogenotrophic reactor for the denitrification of drinking water revealed that several microorganisms are involved. Acinetobacter sp., Aeromonas sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Shewanella putrefaciens were repeatedly isolated from the hydrogenotrophic sludge and postulated to be of primary importance in the process. Nitrate reduction to nitrite appears to be a property of a diverse group of organisms. Nitrite reduction was found to be stimulated by the presence of organic growth factors. Thus, in a mixed culture, hydrogenotrophic denitrification reactor, NO inf2 (sup-) formed by NO inf3 (sup-) -reducers can be converted by true denitrifiers thriving on organic growth factors either present in the raw water, or excreted by the microbial community. Mixotrophic growth also contributes to NO inf2 (sup-) reduction. Finally, chemolithotrophic bacteria participate in the nitrite to nitrogen gas conversion.

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Section: Microbial Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed culture hydrogenotrophic nitrate reduction in drinking water

et al. 1992

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“…The ability of facultatively heterotrophx (or ' versatile ') thiobacilli to compete successfully in natural environments with obligately chemolithotrophic thiobacilli or heterotrophs was discussed by Rittenberg (1972) and Whittenbury & . Rittenberg (1972) postulated that under mixed substrate conditions, the facultative organism might predominate as it can achieve greater reproductive power per unit of energy expenditure growing mixotrophically (or as a chemolithotrophic heterotroph) than can the obligately autotrophic organism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rittenberg (1972) postulated that under mixed substrate conditions, the facultative organism might predominate as it can achieve greater reproductive power per unit of energy expenditure growing mixotrophically (or as a chemolithotrophic heterotroph) than can the obligately autotrophic organism. The ability of the facultative Thiobacillus A2 to outcompete both the obligate T. neapolitanus and a heterotrophic spirillum in chemostat culture on mixed substrates was subsequently demonstrated by Gottschal et al (1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition in the Chemostat between an Obligately and a Facultatively Chemolithotrophic Thiobacillus

Smith¹,

Kelly²

1979

Journal of General Microbiology

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377The outcome of competition in thiosulphate-limited chemostat culture between the obligate chemolithotroph Thiobacillus neapolitanus and the versatile facultative autotroph Thiobacillus A2 was in part a function of pH. In pure culture T. neapolitanus grew faster than Thiobacillus A2 at pH values up to pH 7.6, but in competition Thiobacillus A2 dominated at pH 7-35 and 7.6, At pH 7.1, T. neapolitanus dominated, although a significant steady state population of Thiobacillus A2 persisted, apparently growing on organic nutrients excreted by T. neapolitanus. Coexistence of both organisms occurred under all chemolithotrophic growth conditions tested with the dominant organism comprising 85 to 99 yo of the population, indicating that competition was not the sole interaction between the species. At pH 7.1, the inclusion of glucose in the thiosulphate medium resulted in rapid domination of the culture by Thiobacillus A2, with the virtual elimination of T. neapolitanus. It is concluded that the capacity for mixotrophy is a selective advantage to a facultative thiobacillus in competition with an obligately chemolithotrophic species.

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“…Most of the thiobacilli, hydrogen bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, and iron-oxidizing bacteria use the Calvin cycle to fix CO2 and are chemolithoautotrophic. Mixotrophic growth is thought to be common among these chemolithoautotrophic bacteria (13,18,19). However, mixotrophy has been demonstrated in only a few heterotrophic bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this report, we demonstrate growth and N2 fixation of A. vinelandii that require both an inorganic energy source (H2) and an organic carbon source. This type of growth is characteristic of mixotrophy (4,19 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Like It Hot: Individual Differences in Responses to Group Feeling Thermometers

Wilcox

Sigelman

Cook³

1989

Public Opinion Quarterly

154

108

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Azotobacter vinelandii can grow with a variety of organic carbon sources and fix N2 without the need for added H2. However, due to an active H2-oxidizing system, H2-dependent mixotrophic growth in an N-free medium was demonstrated when mannose was provided as the carbon source. There was no appreciable growth with either H2 or mannose alone. Both the growth rate and the cell yield were dependent on the concentrations of both substrates, H2 and mannose. Cultures growing mixotrophically with H2 and mannose consumed approximately 4.8 mmol of 02 and produced 4.6 mmol of CO2 per mmol of mannose consumed. In the absence of H2, less CO2 was produced, less 02 was consumed, and cell growth was negligible. The rate of acetylene reduction in mixotrophic cultures was comparable to the rate in cultures grown in N-free sucrose medium. The rate of ['4C]mannose uptake of cultures with H2 was greater than with argon, whereas

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The obligate autotroph — the demise of a concept

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

Mixed culture hydrogenotrophic nitrate reduction in drinking water

Mixed culture hydrogenotrophic nitrate reduction in drinking water

Competition in the Chemostat between an Obligately and a Facultatively Chemolithotrophic Thiobacillus

Some Like It Hot: Individual Differences in Responses to Group Feeling Thermometers

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