The Object-Oriented Database System Manifesto

Atkinson, Malcolm; DeWitt, David J.; Maier, David; Bancilhon, François; Dittrich, Klaus R.; Zdonik, Stanley B.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-88433-6.50020-4

Cited by 411 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Khoshafian and Copeland [35] coined the term ''object identity'' and summarized the arguments for it. Since then, the concept is listed as one of the essential elements of objectorientation [2], but is it sometimes also called ''object identifier.'' We follow this latter practice, because object identity is a relation between objects and is therefore a less suitable concept.…”

Section: Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only way the human mind can deal with this is to state finite generalizations about these infinite sets. 2 There are three important properties of classifications. First, each class should be natural.…”

Section: Natural Kinds and Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has resulted in a number of experimental object-oriented DB systems [6,21,29,40]. Only recently, there are attempts to define a common core to object-oriented DB's [2,70], which converge on concepts like object identifier and the encapsulation of a local state in an object. These characterizations are not yet formal and many of their features are not yet generally accepted.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steps towards a method for the formal modeling of dynamic objects

Wieringa

1991

Data & Knowledge Engineering

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Fragments of a method to formally specify object-oriented models of a universe of discourse are presented. The task of finding such models is divided into three subtasks, object classification, event specification, and the specification of the life cycle of an object. Each of these subtasks is further subdivided, and for each of the subtasks heuristics are given that can aid the analyst in deciding how to represent a particular aspect of the real world. The main sources of inspiration are Jackson System Development, algebraic specification of data-and object types, and algebraic specification of processes.

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Section: Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Kinds and Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Steps towards a method for the formal modeling of dynamic objects

Wieringa

1991

Data & Knowledge Engineering

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“…New requirements (knowledge-based systems for design and Integrated Project Support Environments [33], databases for graphics and multi-media, interfaces via direct manipulation, spreadsheets or constraint techniques [40]) have exposed the limitations of the pure relational model. The conflict of cultures pervades the current controversy [5,39,72] concerning the relative merits of relational and object-oriented database models. This controversy highlights the need for alternative methods of modelling that associate form and content in new ways.…”

Section: Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical Modelling and the Foundations of Artificial Intelligence

Beynon

1999

Computation for Metaphors, Analogy, and Agents

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Abstract. This paper proposes Empirical Modelling (EM) as a possible foundation for AI research outside the logicist framework. EM offers principles for constructing physical models, typically computer-based, by construing experience in terms of three fundamental concepts: observables, dependency and agency. EM is discussed in the context of critiques of logicism drawn from a variety of sources, with particular reference to the five foundational issues raised by Kirsh in his paper Foundations of AI: the Big Issues (AI, 47:3-30, 1991), William James's Essays on Radical Empiricism (Bison Books, 1996), and the controversy surrounding formal definitions for primitive concepts such as metaphor and agent that are recognised as fundamental for AI. EM principles are motivated and illustrated with reference to a historic railway accident that occurred at the Clayton Tunnel in 1861. The principal thesis of the paper is that logicist and non-logicist approaches to AI presume radically different ontologies. Specifically, EM points to a fundamental framework for AI in which experimentally guided construction of physical artefacts is the primary mode of knowledge representation. In this context, propositional knowledge is associated with phenomena that are perceived as circumscribed and reliable from an objective 'third-person' perspective. The essential need to incorporate subjective 'first-person' elements in an account of AI, and the role that commitment plays in attaching an objective meaning to phenomena, are seen to preclude a hybrid approach to AI in the conventional sense.

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“…Identity is that property which distinguishes each object from all others (Khoshafian and Copeland 1986); therefore, object identity allows for the comparison whether two objects are the same, independent of their particular attribute values. Object identity has been recently acknowledged as a major component of next-generation database systems (Atkinson et al 1989, Stonebraker et al 1990), because it is crucial for any application in which objects change over time (Al-Taha and Barrera 1990). Geographic objects are prototypical examples thereof.…”

Section: Bject Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Formalization of Metaphors and Image-Schemas in User Interfaces

Kuhn

Frank

1991

Cognitive and Linguistic Aspects of Geographic Space

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The first paper, entitled "Deficiencies of SQL as a GIS Query Language", argues that SQL and various extended versions of it are not adequate geographic query languages. They lack the integration of graphical display in retrieval and presentation of query results and do not support the set operations necessary for spatial query. In the second paper, "A Formalization of Metaphors and Image-Schemas in User Interfaces", an algebraic approach to formalization of interface metaphors is presented as a step toward the design of metaphor-based interfaces. This approach to mapping source to target domains is demonstrated by analyzing the metaphorical and image-schematic bases the "zoom" function. The third paper, "Matching Representations of Geographic Locations", sets out fundamental differences in the representations of geographic space and spatial relations in minds, written location descriptions, and conventional cartographic data sets, and proposes a geographic data structure which might facilitate establishing correspondence between locations in each representation. Together, these papers range across theoretical and practical concerns in incorporating "spatial sense" in GIS.This report presents work that has been supported by a grants from the National Science Foundation (SES-88-10917), Digital Equipment Corporation (grant No. TP765536), Intergraph Corporation, and a NATO Advanced Study Institute Grant The support of these organizations is gratefully acknowledged. DEFICIENCIES OF SQL AS A GIS QUERY LANGUAGE 1 MAX J. EGENHOFER National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis and Department of Surveying Engineering University of MaineOrono, ME 04469, U.S.A. MAX@MECAN1.bitnet ABSTRACT. Numerous proposals have been made to extend the relational database query language SQL to serve as a spatial query language and currently efforts are under way to establish a standardized spatial SQL. Here it is argued that the SQL framework is inappropriate for an interactivespatial query language and an extended spatial SQL is at best a short-term solution. The serious deficiencies of any spatial SQL are divided into two groups:• the severe difficulties to incorporate necessary spatial concepts into SQL such as graphical display and its specification and• the lack of power within the relational framework with missing support for complex objects, object identity, meta queries, and non-first-order logic ---all crucial when dealing with spatial data. IntroductionThe Structured Query Language SQL is enjoying much popularity in the database world and has become the standard for relational database management systems (ANSI 1986). Although originally designed as a high-level interface to relational database management systems (Chamberlin et al. 1976) to manipulate relational tables (Codd 1970), SQL is sometimes even considered as intergalactic dataspeak (Stonebraker et al. 1990) for many other applications. Frequently, the underlying power of the relational calculus has proven to be insufficient and numerous extended SQLs have been p...

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The Object-Oriented Database System Manifesto

Cited by 411 publications

References 12 publications

Steps towards a method for the formal modeling of dynamic objects

Steps towards a method for the formal modeling of dynamic objects

Empirical Modelling and the Foundations of Artificial Intelligence

A Formalization of Metaphors and Image-Schemas in User Interfaces

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