The Oat Bird-Cherry Aphis, <i>Rhopalosiphum padi</i>, L., and Comparison with <i>R. crataegellum</i>, Theo. (Hemiptera, Aphididae)

Rogerson, J. P.

doi:10.1017/s0007485300030261

Cited by 46 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…There is some suggestion in the literature that R. padi can persist on P. persica in Asia (citation in [37]) however we could not confirm this report. The distributions of the five recorded Prunus host species were determined using GBIF point records and the USDA PLANTS database (USDA 2010, www.plants.usda.gov).…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 71%

Modelling the Geographical Range of a Species with Variable Life-History

Macfadyen

Kriticos

2012

PLoS ONE

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We show how a climatic niche model can be used to describe the potential geographic distribution of a pest species with variable life-history, and illustrate how to estimate biogeographic pest threats that vary across space. The models were used to explore factors that affect pest risk (irrigation and presences of host plant). A combination of current distribution records and published experimental data were used to construct separate models for the asexual and sexual lineages of Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The two models were combined with knowledge of host plant presence to classify the global pest risk posed by R. padi. Whilst R. padi has a relatively limited area in which sexual lineages can persist year round, a much larger area is suitable for transient sexual and asexual lineages to exist. The greatest risk of establishment of persistent sexual and asexual populations is in areas with warm temperate climates. At the global scale the models show very little difference in risk patterns between natural rainfall and irrigation scenarios, but in Australia, the amount of land suitable for persistent asexual and transient sexual populations decreases (by 20%) if drought stress is no longer alleviated by irrigation. This approach proved useful for modelling the potential distribution of a species that has a variable life-history. We were able to use the model outputs to examine factors such as irrigation practices and host plant presence that altered the nature (transient or permanent) and extent of pest risk. The composite niche maps indicate pest risk in terms that are useful to both biosecurity agencies and pest managers.

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Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 71%

Modelling the Geographical Range of a Species with Variable Life-History

Macfadyen

Kriticos

2012

PLoS ONE

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“…In northern Europe P. padus is the sole winter host, but other species of the genus Prunus are used in other parts of the world (Rogerson 1948). The summer hosts is a presumed combination of cultivated cereals and later in summer various wild grasses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional quality of phloem sap in relation to host plant-alternation in the bird cherry-oat aphid

Sandström¹

2000

Chemoecology

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Host alternation in aphids has been attributed to complementary growth of host plants, or more specifically to seasonal changes in the nitrogen quality of the phloem sap. In this report, seasonal fluctuation of free amino acids in phloem of the winter and summer host plants (Prunus padus, bird cherry and Hordeum 6ulgare, barley) of Rhopalosiphum padi (the bird cherry-oat aphid) were investigated in the context of aphid growth and behaviour. Phloem was collected from the cut stylets of aphids taken from plants that were grown outdoors. The total concentration of amino acids in P. padus phloem increased between bud break and late flush (spring), decreased in mature leaves (summer), and increased again in early senescent leaves (autumn). In H. 6ulgare, however, amino acid concentration fluctuated less from seedlings to flowering. Spring aphids from P. padus grew rapidly on this host from bud break to late flush, but died on mature and early senescent leaves. Summer aphids from H. 6ulgare grew as fast on this host as spring aphids did on flush leaves of P. padus. Sexual females grew more slowly than other generations and nearly as well on mature as on early senescent P. padus leaves. As judged by aphid growth and phloem nitrogen quality, P. padus during spring equals the summer host H. 6ulgare. However, the lower growth rates of R. padi on mature and senescent leaves of P. padus appear only loosely correlated with phloem amino acid concentrations. Therefore, factors influencing aphid nutrition, or ecology, other than seasonal changes in phloem sap amino acid concentration may explain the existence of host alternation in R. padi.

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“…Assuming an unbiased sampling and reliable morph discrimination, it should be possible to determine morph frequencies. The difficulty is that whilst R. padi males are readily identified, other alate forms are morphologically very similar (Rogerson, 1947) and at present there is no satisfactory means of discriminating between them (Rogerson, 1947;Taylor etal., 1981;Stroyan, 1984). Only live gynoparae and alate exules can be separated by their preference for either P. padus or for Gramineae (Pettersson, 1970;Dixon, 1971;Tatchell et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying bird cherry‐oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi emigrants, alate exules and gynoparae: application of multivariate methods to morphometric and anatomical features

Simon¹,

Dedryver²,

Pierre³

1991

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Multivariate analysis methods were used to distinguish between the three female alate morphs of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (emigrants, alate exules and gynoparae). Fourteen morphometric descriptors and seven anatomical parameters indicative of their potential fecundity were considered. Three populations or clones from distinct areas were also taken into account. The three alate morphs were separated with between 93% and 100% success. Some simplified criteria allowing distinction are described, and as an example one of them was applied to R. padi alatae caught in three suction traps. The reliability of the samples analysed is discussed. Practical use of identification techniques described may have implications for forecasting (e.g. Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Disease), and for improving knowledge of aphid population biology. Résumé Recherche de critères morphométriques et anatomiques de différenciation des trois formes femelles ailées (émigrants, exules ailés et gynopares) du puceron des céréales Rhopalosiphum padi Des techniques d'analyse multivariée ont été appliquées sur des données morphométriques et anatomiques obtenues pour les trois formes femelles ailées (émigrants, exules ailés et gynopares) de Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) dans le but de les différencier. Pour cela des paramètres de la fécondité potentielle (nombre d'ovarioles, nombre d'embryons) et des variables morphologiques (mensurations, nombre de rhinaries) ont été évalués pour chacun des morphes sur des individus de trois populations ou clones d'origines géographiques distinctes (Angleterre, Normandie, Bretagne). Les analyses factorielles discriminantes réalisées sur ces données nous ont permis de séparer avec un taux de succès compris entre 93% et 100% les individus selon leur morphe. A partir de celles‐ci nous avons pu proposer des critères susceptibles de différencier ces trois formes ailées. Le rapport ARS/TARS2 (longueur de l'article apical du rostre/longueur du deuxième segment du tarse postérieur) semble très bien discriminer les émigrants des exules ailés et a été appliqué sur des ailés de R. padi capturés par deux pièges à succion français et un suisse. La séparation des gynopares des exules ailés est par contre moins simple. La représentativité de l'échantillon analysé a été discutée. Les possibilités d'application des méthodes d'identification des morphes de R. padi sur les ailés capturés aux pièges à succion ont été envisagées dans le cadre de la prévision des risques d'infection des céréales par le virus de la Jaunisse Nanisante de l'Orge (BYDV) et de l'amélioration des connaissances en Biologie des Populations aphidiennes.

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The Oat Bird-Cherry Aphis, Rhopalosiphum padi, L., and Comparison with R. crataegellum, Theo. (Hemiptera, Aphididae)

Cited by 46 publications

References 6 publications

Modelling the Geographical Range of a Species with Variable Life-History

Modelling the Geographical Range of a Species with Variable Life-History

Nutritional quality of phloem sap in relation to host plant-alternation in the bird cherry-oat aphid

Identifying bird cherry‐oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi emigrants, alate exules and gynoparae: application of multivariate methods to morphometric and anatomical features

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