The Nutritive Value and Antimicrobial Property of Sorghum bicolor L. Stem (Poporo Flour Used as Food Colour Additive and its Infusion Drink

Adetuyi, A. O.; Akpambang, V. O. E.; Oyetayo, Victor Olusegun; Adetuyi, Foluso Olutope

doi:10.3923/ajft.2007.79.86

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The highest amount was found in the liming liquor due to the presence of blood, flesh, soluble proteins (keratin, globulins, albumins, elastin and cells), hairs, fatty tissues and dung ( Mittal, 2004 ). The plant materials used (acacia pods, pawpaw leaves and sorghum leaf sheath) also contain some amount of crude proteins ( Abbasian et al., 2015 ; Nwofia et al., 2012 ; Adetuyi et al., 2007 ) which could add to the nitrogenous composition of the various liquors. The concentrations of TN in the alum tawing wastewater and that of NH 3 –N in all the spent liquors were not consistent with the Ghana EPA guidelines (50mgTN/L and 1mgNH 3 /L).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to inappropriate washing of the skins, some of the ions retained in the skins diffuse into the subsequent liquors. The sodium levels in the vegetable tanning, red dye and black dye liquors may also be originating from the trace concentrations in the plant material used ( Abbasian et al., 2015 ; Adetuyi et al., 2007 ). The addition of salt in the alum tawing liquor could also explain its high levels of chloride (20490.60 mg/L) and sodium (14056.45 mg/L) ions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Artisanal tannery wastewater: quantity and characteristics

Appiah-Brempong

Essandoh

Asiedu

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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Tannery wastewater is one of the most toxic waste generated in industries. In spite of this, there still remains a paucity of information on characteristics of wastewater generated from artisanal tanneries. This study, therefore, assessed the water consumption, wastewater generation rates, physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of wastewater produced from each process unit of an artisanal tannery in Ghana. The study revealed that the total amount of water use in the tannery ranged between 1171 and 2120L/day whilst the total volume of wastewater generated was within 820 and 1324L/day. Physicochemical characteristics of the different wastewater types generated at the tannery including chemical oxygen demand (13600–24333.30 mg/L), biochemical oxygen demand (1445.64–2803 mg/L), ammonia (3.20–21.38 mg/L), colour (950.35–53900.10PtCo), electrical conductivity (8170 - 10080 μS/cm), turbidity (450.24–1805NTU), suspended (1033.50–3216.40 mg/L) and dissolved (26166.50–4996.65 mg/L) solids exceeded the guidelines set by the Ghana Environmental Protection Agency. There were also high levels of chlorides, sodium, sulphates and calcium ions. The most dominant anion and cation in the wastewater were chlorides (715–20490.60 mg/L) and sodium ions (258–14056.45 mg/L) respectively. Heavy metals identified in the wastewater included zinc, aluminium, iron and chromium ions with the most dominant one being aluminium ions (0.58–78.18 mg/L). Whilst the E-coli was below detectable limit, the count of total coliforms ranged between 0 and 4.5 × 10 4 CFU/100mL. Five helminth egg species ( Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm , Trichuris trichiura , Strongyloides stercoralis, and Enterobius vermicularis ) were identified with their numbers surpassing the safe limit set by the World Health Organisation for irrigation purposes. These results indicated that the indiscriminate discharge of the untreated wastewater on the bare soil as it is practised at the tannery has the potential to adversely affect public and environmental health. Appropriate treatment schemes are therefore, required to treat the wastewater to safe limits prior to discharge.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artisanal tannery wastewater: quantity and characteristics

Appiah-Brempong

Essandoh

Asiedu

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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“…For example, the crude extracts of sorghum leaf sheath demonstrated activity against B. subtilis [30]. In contrast, sorghum crude stem extract showed high inhibition against P. aeruginosa (gram-negative) compared to B. subtilis (gram-positive) [3]. On the other hand, extracts of dye sorghum leaf sheaths found have no anti-bacterial properties on E. coli tested in a nutrient-rich traditional West African cheese [5].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activity Of Sorghum Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other important uses, especially from leaves, sheath, stalks, glumes, and root were also available including food additives and folk pharmaceuticals. Red or purple pigments are largely extracted from the sheath and used as food colourants such as cheese and porridges, and dyes for leather, textile, and wood in numerous countries of Africa and Asia [3][4][5]. Sorghum extracts is reported to have antiabortion, cyanogenic, demulcent, diuretic, emollient, intoxicant, and toxic properties [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the extraordinary beneficial phytochemicals content of sorghum vegetative parts, various research on the biological activities was done. Such studies include antimicrobial activity of stem extract [3], in vitro anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties of leaf sheath [18] and various in vivo studies on rats using sorghum leaves, leaf base, and leaf sheath extracts proved antisickling [7], enhance the hematological parameters [19], anti-anaemic stem bark [20], for anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities [21] and hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress inhibitor [8]. However, more research is needed on biological activities of vegetative parts of sorghum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activities of Sorghum bicolor leaves derived from in vitro culture

el-khatim¹,

M²,

M³

et al. 2020

GSC Biol. and Pharm. Sci.

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Various research works recognized highly biological activities of sorghum vegetative portions which indicated the presence of bioactive compounds in their extracts. Considering environmental effects on the accumulation of secondary metabolites, this work aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of sorghum using in vitro induced leaves as source for extract. In vitro shoot explants of sorghum used subcultured on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 6-Benzyl adenine (BA) or Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at different concentrations (0.0-2.0 mg/L). The leaves induced in vitro were collected dried then macerated in ethanol for 4 hours. Phytochemical composition of the sorghum leaves extract was assessed using standard procedures. The crude extracts were evaluated for antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method. The significantly (P>0.05) maximum shoot length (5.7 cm) and the number of leaves (7.9 leaves) were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L IBA. The phytochemical composition of the leaves extract showed the presence of bioactive constituents including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and steroids and triterpenes. All the concentrations of the sorghum leaves extract showed variable antimicrobial activity against the studied bacteria strains with the strongest inhibitory effect reported (19.0 mm) against B. subtilis at the concentration of 100 mg/L. Our findings demonstrated that the in vitro leaves extract of sorghum possess a remarkable antibacterial activity. More research is needed on the characterization of bioactive ingredients of in vitro induced sorghum plants and their biological activities.

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Inhibition of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Oxidative Stress in Brain by Dietary Inclusion of Red Dye Extracts from Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Stem

Oboh

Akomolafe

Adetuyi

2010

Journal of Medicinal Food

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The stem of sorghum is used as color additives in cooking meals and taken as beverages when steeped or boiled in water as folklore for the management of anemia and some other diseases. This study sought to assess the antioxidant and neuroprotective potentials of red dye extract from sorghum stem on cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in rat brain. Wistar strain albino rats were fed diet supplemented with the red dye (0.5% and 1.0% inclusion) for 14 days. There was no significant difference (P > .05) in average feed intake and weight gain of rats fed the basal diet and the red dye-supplemented diet. However, intraperitoneal administration of cyclophosphamide (75 mg/kg of body weight) 24 hours prior the termination of the experiment caused a significant (P < .05) increase in the brain malondialdehyde (MDA) content and serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase in those rats fed diet without the dye supplement, whereas there was a significant decrease (P < .05) in brain MDA content and serum enzyme activities in rats fed diet with the dye in a concentration-dependent manner. The protective effect of the red dye against cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress could be attributed to the high phenolic content (56.2%) and antioxidant activities of the red dye as typified by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging ability, reducing properties, and Fe(2+) chelating ability. Therefore, dietary inclusion of the red dye from sorghum stem could be harnessed in the management of neurodegenerative diseases associated with oxidative stress.

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The Nutritive Value and Antimicrobial Property of Sorghum bicolor L. Stem (Poporo Flour Used as Food Colour Additive and its Infusion Drink

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Artisanal tannery wastewater: quantity and characteristics

Artisanal tannery wastewater: quantity and characteristics

Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activities of Sorghum bicolor leaves derived from in vitro culture

Inhibition of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Oxidative Stress in Brain by Dietary Inclusion of Red Dye Extracts from Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Stem

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