“…Clinical manifestations of cachexia include anorexia (i.e., the loss of appetite combined with decreased food intake), weakness, fatigue, weight loss, muscle wasting, impaired immunocompetence, decreased motor and physical skills, and apathy (Costa & Donaldson, 1980;Lindsey, 1986b;Morrison, 1989). Assessments of food intake in weight-losing patients with cancer indicate deficits in calories, protein, zinc, iron, iodine, and vitamin B 12 (Cohn et al, 1981;Costa, Bewley, Aragon, & Siebold, 1981;Doerr et al, 1997;Enig, Petersen, Smith, & Larsen, 1987;Larson, Lindsey, Dodd, Brecht, & Packer, 1993;Lindsey, Larson, Dodd, Brecht, & Packer, 1994;Lindsey & Piper, 1985;Ovesen, Allingstrup, Hannibal, Mortensen, & Hansen, 1993;Sarna, Lindsey, Dean, Brecht, & McCorkle, 1993;Theologides, Ehlert, & Kennedy, 1976;Walsh, Bowman, & Jackson, 1983).…”