The number of spanning trees in a k5 chain graph

Abstract

Spanning trees (ST) have numerous applications in various fields, including computer science, graph theory, network design, and optimization. ST uses in designing efficient network topologies. In computer networks, a ST ensures that all nodes are connected while avoiding loops and redundant connections. This helps in minimizing network congestion and ensuring reliable communication. In routing protocols the ST’s play a crucial role such as the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP). These protocols are used to prevent network loops and establish a loop-free topology for efficient packet forwarding.

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“…The uses of distance based descriptors are briefly examined in quantitative structural−physical relationship are studied in [13]. The other distance based topological indices are characterized in [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and the resistance distances and eigenvalues based topological indices are obtained in [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Untitled

“…The uses of distance based descriptors are briefly examined in quantitative structural−physical relationship are studied in [13]. The other distance based topological indices are characterized in [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and the resistance distances and eigenvalues based topological indices are obtained in [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”