2014
DOI: 10.3367/ufnr.0184.201402b.0137
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The Null Energy Condition and its violation

Abstract: We give a mini-review of scalar field theories with second-derivative Lagrangians, whose field equations are second order. Some of these theories admit solutions violating the Null Energy Condition and having no obvious pathologies. We give a few examples of using these theories in cosmological setting and also in the context of the creation of a universe in the laboratory.

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Cited by 49 publications
(29 citation statements)
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“…Among those conditions, the null energy condition (NEC) is particularly interesting since it is a crucial assumption of the Penrose(-Hawking) singularity theorem [87], valid in General Relativity. Thus, for matter obeying the NEC, there is always a singularity that gets formed inside a black hole horizon, and any contracting Universe ends up in a singularity, provided its spatial curvature is dynamically negligible [85,86]. Thus, we will focus our attention to the NEC.…”
Section: The Null Energy Conditionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Among those conditions, the null energy condition (NEC) is particularly interesting since it is a crucial assumption of the Penrose(-Hawking) singularity theorem [87], valid in General Relativity. Thus, for matter obeying the NEC, there is always a singularity that gets formed inside a black hole horizon, and any contracting Universe ends up in a singularity, provided its spatial curvature is dynamically negligible [85,86]. Thus, we will focus our attention to the NEC.…”
Section: The Null Energy Conditionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…in order to try to capture the idea that "energy should be positive" [83]. There are typically four energy conditions (dominant, weak, strong, and null) which help to obtain desirable solutions of Einstein's field equations [84][85][86]. Among those conditions, the null energy condition (NEC) is particularly interesting since it is a crucial assumption of the Penrose(-Hawking) singularity theorem [87], valid in General Relativity.…”
Section: The Null Energy Conditionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Another line of research that deals with this conjecture is to see its topological effects together with null energy condition [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. Also there is another debate about the validity of either cosmic censorship conjecture or naked singularities in modified gravity theories upon considering null energy condition [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. Recent analytical proof [58] is in favor of cosmic censorship conjecture, while others [59][60][61] counter-argued cosmic censorship conjecture, leaving the quest unanswered.…”
Section: Arxiv:190309634v1 [Hep-th] 22 Mar 2019mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Generalized Galileons are scalar fields whose Lagrangian involves second derivatives, but the corresponding equations of motion are still second-order and, thus, are free of Ostrogradsky instabilities [1] (for a review see, e.g., Ref. [2]). …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%