Purpose: Receptor-interacting protein of 140 kDa (RIP140) is a transcriptional cofactor for nuclear receptors involved in reproduction and energy homeostasis. Our aim was to investigate its role in the regulation of E2F1 activity and target genes both in breast cancer cell lines and in tumor biopsies.Experimental Design: Glutathione S-transferase pull-down assays, coimmunoprecipitation experiments, and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis were used to evidence interaction between RIP140 and E2F1. The effects of RIP140 expression on E2F1 activity were determined using transient transfection and quantification of E2F target mRNAs by quantitative real-time PCR. The effect on cell cycle was assessed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis on cells overexpressing green fluorescent protein-tagged RIP140. A tumor microarray data set was used to investigate the expression of RIP140 and E2F1 target genes in 170 breast cancer patients.Results: We first evidenced the complex interaction between RIP140 and E2F1 and showed that RIP140 represses E2F1 transactivation on various transiently transfected E2F target promoters and inhibits the expression of several E2F1 target genes (such as CCNE1 and CCNB2). In agreement with a role for RIP140 in the control of E2F activity, we show that increasing RIP140 levels results in a reduction in the proportion of cells in S phase in various human cell lines. Finally, analysis of human breast cancers shows that low RIP140 mRNA expression was associated with high E2F1 target gene levels and basal-like tumors.Conclusion: This study shows that RIP140 is a regulator of the E2F pathway, which discriminates luminal-and basal-like tumors, emphasizing the importance of these regulations for a clinical cancer phenotype. Clin Cancer Res; 16(11); 2959-70. ©2010 AACR.Cell cycle control is a fundamental process that governs cell proliferation and is frequently altered during tumorigenesis. E2Fs and their heterodimer partners (DP) are central regulators of cell cycle progression and directly regulate the expression of a broad spectrum of genes involved, for instance, in cell cycle regulation, DNA replication and repair, apoptosis, differentiation, or development (1, 2).E2F1, which was discovered as a protein promoting the transition to S phase, was the founding member of the E2F family, which comprises eight members in mammals. Among this family, some were initially presented as "activator E2Fs" (E2F1, E2F2, and E2F3), whereas the other members were mostly known as transcription repressors, although this classification now seemed too simplistic (reviewed in ref. 2 and references therein). E2F transcriptional activity was shown to be regulated by a large number of coactivators or corepressors, including the so-called pocket proteins, which form the retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor family (pRB, together with the related proteins p107 and p130; ref. 3). RB attenuates E2F action by recruiting transcriptional corepressors such as histone deacetylases to E2F-regulated promoters, thus med...