The nuclear pattern and fiber connections of certain basal telencephalic centers in the macaque

Lauer, Edward W.

doi:10.1002/cne.900820302

Cited by 136 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…47,77,78,123,256), were based mostly on appearance of the tissue, without regard to organization of its connections with other brain structures. On the other hand, more recent anatomical descriptions combine examination of the intrinsic and extrinsic connections of separate amygdaloid nuclei with their cytoarchitectonic and histochemical characteristics.…”

Section: For Comments)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Internal Complexity of Amygdala: Focus on Gene Activity Mapping After Behavioral Training and Drugs of Abuse

Knapska¹,

Radwańska²,

Werka³

et al. 2007

Physiological Reviews

137

134

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The amygdala is a heterogeneous brain structure implicated in processing of emotions and storing the emotional aspects of memories. Gene activity markers such as c-Fos have been shown to reflect both neuronal activation and neuronal plasticity. Herein, we analyze the expression patterns of gene activity markers in the amygdala in response to either behavioral training or treatment with drugs of abuse and then we confront the results with data on other approaches to internal complexity of the amygdala. c-Fos has been the most often studied in the amygdala, showing specific expression patterns in response to various treatments, most probably reflecting functional specializations among amygdala subdivisions. In the basolateral amygdala, c-Fos expression appears to be consistent with the proposed role of this nucleus in a plasticity of the current stimulus-value associations. Within the medial part of the central amygdala, c-Fos correlates with acquisition of alimentary/gustatory behaviors. On the other hand, in the lateral subdivision of the central amygdala, c-Fos expression relates to attention and vigilance. In the medial amygdala, c-Fos appears to be evoked by emotional novelty of the experimental situation. The data on the other major subdivisions of the amygdala are scarce. In conclusion, the studies on the gene activity markers, confronted with other approaches involving neuroanatomy, physiology, and the lesion method, have revealed novel aspects of the amygdala, especially pointing to functional heterogeneity of this brain region that does not fit very well into contemporarily active debate on serial versus parallel information processing within the amygdala.

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Section: For Comments)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Internal Complexity of Amygdala: Focus on Gene Activity Mapping After Behavioral Training and Drugs of Abuse

Knapska¹,

Radwańska²,

Werka³

et al. 2007

Physiological Reviews

137

134

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“…The parcellation and nomenclature used to define the nuclei of the amygdala is based on that of Hilpert (1928), Johnston (1923), Brockhaus (1940), Crosby and Humphrey (1941), Lauer (1945), Price et al (1987), and Amaral et al (1992), as adapted and extended by de Olmos (1990) for the human amygdala. The synthesis by de Olmos (1990) was chosen because it permits generalizations to primates other than the human and will ultimately facilitate understanding of human amygdala connections.…”

Section: Amygdalamentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of butyrylcholinesterase in the human amygdala and hippocampal formation

1998

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The distribution of the major cholinergic regulatory enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) has been extensively studied in the human brain, but the distribution of the closely related enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE, EC 3.1.1.8) is largely unknown. Because of the importance of BuChE and AChE in Alzheimer's disease, we have studied the distribution of BuChE in the normal human amygdala and hippocampal formation and compared it with that of AChE by using histochemical techniques. In the amygdala, the distribution of BuChE differed significantly from that of AChE in that BuChE was found primarily in neurons and their dendritic processes, whereas AChE was found predominantly in the neuropil. BuChE-positive neurons were present in up to 10% of the neuronal profiles in lateral, basolateral (basal), basomedial (accessory basal), central, cortical, and medial amygdaloid nuclei. AChE was found primarily in the neuropil in these nuclei with only a few AChE-positive neurons. In the hippocampal formation, BuChE was also found in neurons and not in the neuropil, whereas AChE was found in both neurons and in the neuropil. BuChE and AChE neurons were present in the polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus, as well as the stratum oriens and stratum pyramidale of the hippocampus proper. There was considerable overlap in shapes, sizes, and numbers of BuChE- and AChE-positive neurons, suggesting that the enzymes were colocalized in neurons of the hippocampal formation. The distinct distribution of BuChE suggests that it may have specific functions including coregulation of cholinergic and noncholinergic neurotransmission in human amygdala and hippocampal formation.

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“…Its major part occupies a caudal position within the orbitofrontal component of the frontal lobe, where it can be divided into the olfactory stalk and the olfactory trigone macroscopically. Early studies distinguished up to six morphologically and topographically different subregions of the AON in the macaque monkey [Crosby and Humphrey, 1939;Lauer, 1945]. However, according to the present morphological analyses the marmoset AON seems to be less differentiated.…”

Section: Anterior Olfactory Nucleusmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…As described earlier for the macaque monkey [Heimer et al, 1977], a morphological distinction between the 'olfactory' and 'striatal' parts of the OT has been difficult in our study of the marmoset OT. A subdivision of OT as reported for Old World monkeys [Rose, 1927;Lauer, 1945;Turner et al, 1978;Carmichael et al, 1994] could not be found for the marmoset monkey.…”

Section: Olfactory Tuberclementioning

confidence: 87%

“…The primary olfactory cortices, that is the cortical structures receiving direct input from the MOB, have been described in primates as an inhomogeneous set of paleocortical and archicortical structures that are placed at the caudal aspect of the orbitofrontal cortex and the rostralmost part of the temporal lobe [Lauer, 1945;Stephan, 1975]. In contrast to a series of studies performed on rodent olfactory connections, so far only very few connectional studies have been available on the central olfactory connections of primates [Carmichael et al, 1994, Macaca fascicularis, Macaca nemestrina;Meyer and Allison, 1949, Macaca mulatta;Turner et al, 1978, M. mulatta].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Central Olfactory Connections in the Microsmatic Marmoset Monkey <i>(Callithrix jacchus)</i>

Liebetanz

Fromm

et al. 2002

Cells Tissues Organs

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The mammalian primary olfactory system consists of a set of different telencephalic structures, including paleo-, archi-, periarchi- and mesocortical components. We present the first characterisation of the normal and connectional anatomy of the primary olfactory cortex of the common marmoset, a microsmatic simian species increasingly used in primate research. The centrifugal and centripetal bulbar projections were determined by injections of the anterograde and retrograde tracer wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase and fluorescent dyes into the ipsilateral main olfactory bulb. The efferent projections of the marmoset bulb are organised entirely ipsilaterally and are established via a rudimentary medial olfactory tract and the dominant lateral olfactory tract. Target areas are the anterior olfactory nucleus, the entire prepiriform cortex, ventral tenia tecta, periamygdaloid cortex and the rostral part of the entorhinal cortex. The bulbar axons predominantly terminate in the outer part of layer I. The anterior olfactory nucleus receives a weak additional input within layer II and III, which is not found in macrosmatic rodents. Further anterograde labelling was found in the endopiriform nucleus deep under the prepiriform cortex and within an anterolateral strip of the olfactory tubercle. However, control injections into the olfactory tubercle suggest that the marmoset olfactory tubercle receives a bisynaptic olfactory input only. Retrograde labelling after bulb injections revealed that, except for the olfactory tubercle, all primary olfactory cortices contributed to an ipsilateral bulbopetal feedback projection. Like in rodents, the only bulbopetal projection organised bilaterally in the marmoset is maintained by the anterior olfactory nucleus. With few exceptions, the projections of the marmoset olfactory brain are organised similarly to that of the macaque monkey or those of macrosmatic species.

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The nuclear pattern and fiber connections of certain basal telencephalic centers in the macaque

Cited by 136 publications

References 28 publications

Functional Internal Complexity of Amygdala: Focus on Gene Activity Mapping After Behavioral Training and Drugs of Abuse

Functional Internal Complexity of Amygdala: Focus on Gene Activity Mapping After Behavioral Training and Drugs of Abuse

Distribution of butyrylcholinesterase in the human amygdala and hippocampal formation

Central Olfactory Connections in the Microsmatic Marmoset Monkey <i>(Callithrix jacchus)</i>

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