The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19): a pictorial review of chest CT features

Bayraktaroğlu, Selen; Çinkooğlu, Akın; Ceylan, Naim; Savaş, Recep

doi:10.5152/dir.2020.20304

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Consistently in several previous reports in COVID-19 individuals from the general population, our results showed that COVID-19 pneumonia in HD patients features predominant ground glass opacities, mainly bilateral, with lower lung zones being mostly involved [ 31 , 32 ]. Ground-glass opacities refer to the area of increased attenuation in the lung on computed tomography with preserved bronchial and vascular markings and can be taken as an indicator of the early stage of pneumonia [ 33 ]. A crazy paving pattern, defined as a linear pattern superimposed on GGO resembling irregularly shaped paving stones, was observed in 62% of the cohort and 82% in the group with a severe course.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors May Increase While Active Vitamin D May Decrease the Risk of Severe Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease on Maintenance Hemodialysis

Tylicki

Polewska

Och

et al. 2022

Viruses

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The group most at risk of death due to COVID-19 are patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). The study aims to describe the clinical course of the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection and find predictors of the development of COVID-19 severe pneumonia in this population. This is a case series of HD nonvaccinated patients with COVID-19 stratified into mild pneumonia and severe pneumonia group according to the chest computed tomography (CT) pneumonia total severity score (TSS) on admission. Epidemiological, demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained from hospital records. 85 HD patients with a mean age of 69.74 (13.19) years and dialysis vintage of 38 (14–84) months were included. On admission, 29.14% of patients had no symptoms, 70.59% reported fatigue followed by fever—44.71%, shortness of breath—40.0%, and cough—30.59%. 20% of the patients had finger oxygen saturation less than 90%. In 28.81% of patients, pulmonary parenchyma was involved in at least 25%. The factors associated with severe pneumonia include fever, low oxygen saturation and arterial partial pressure of oxygen, increased C-reactive protein and ferritin serum levels, low blood count of lymphocytes as well as chronic treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; while the chronic active vitamin D treatment was associated with mild pneumonia. In conclusion, even though nearly one-third of the patients were completely asymptomatic, while the remaining usually reported only single symptoms, a large percentage of them had extensive inflammatory changes at diagnosis with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We identified potential predictors of severe pneumonia, which might help individualize pharmacological treatment and improve clinical outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors May Increase While Active Vitamin D May Decrease the Risk of Severe Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease on Maintenance Hemodialysis

Tylicki

Polewska

Och

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…Typical CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia are ground-glass opacities and consolidations, mainly displaying lower lobe and peripheral distribution. In addition to these findings, crazy paving pattern, vascular enlargement, air bubble sign, halo and reverse halo signs, airway changes, and air bronchogram are less common findings [ 11 - 14 ]. Central distribution, peribronchovascular spread, isolated upper lobe involvement, lobar and segmental consolidation, nodules, subpleural sparing, pleural and pericardial effusion, tree-in-bud pattern, and white lung can be seen as atypical findings [ 1 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19-Related Lung Involvement at Different Time Intervals: Evaluation of Computed Tomography Images With Semiquantitative Scoring System and COVID-19 Reporting and Data System Scoring

Korkmaz¹,

Keleş²

2021

Cureus

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Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of typical and atypical thoracic CT findings in patient groups diagnosed during different periods of the pandemic, examine disease severity using radiological scoring methods, and determine the relationship between atypical CT findings and disease severity.Materials and methods: One hundred fifty-one patients with positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test and thoracic CT scan were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups as group 1 (March to August 2020) diagnosed in the first six months of the pandemic and group 2 (September 2020 to February 2021) diagnosed in the second six months. CT images of the patients were analyzed for the frequency of typical and atypical findings. Evaluation was made in terms of disease suspicion and severity by scoring methods, and the relationship between atypical findings and disease severity was examined.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the frequency and distribution patterns of typical CT findings observed in both groups. The most common atypical finding in both groups was nodular lesions. Central distribution, one of the atypical findings, was not seen in group 1, whereas it was present in nine patients in group 2 (p=0.001). The mean CT severity score was higher in group 2, and there was a statistically significant difference between the mean CT scores of both groups (p<0.001). In addition, six (7.2%) patients in group 1 and 34 (50%) patients in group 2 had CT scores above the cut-off value (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant relationship between atypical findings and severity score.Conclusion: Other diseases and atypical findings that may accompany COVID-19 pneumonia may increase the rate of misdiagnosis. In the diagnosis of the disease, clinical signs and symptoms and radiological findings should be evaluated together, and it should be kept in mind that lung findings in thorax CT change over time.

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“…Multilobar subpleural GGO is seen in most cases. However, COVID-19 pneumonia may manifest as unilateral GGO even before the onset of symptoms with rapid evolution into diffuse, bilateral disease [7] (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Typical Findings Peripheral Ground-glass Opacitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 pneumonia: a pictorial review of CT findings and differential diagnosis

Shirani

Shayganfar

Hajiahmadi

2021

Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med

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Background The gold standard for verifying COVID-19 mostly depends on microbiological tests like real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, the availability of RT-PCR kits can be known as a problem and false negative results may be encountered. Although CT scan is not a screening tool for the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia, given the widespread acquisition of it in the pandemic state, familiarity with different CT findings and possible differential diagnosis is essential in this regard. Main text In this review, we introduced the typical and atypical CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia, and discussed the main differential diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. Conclusions The imaging findings in this viral pneumonia showed a broad spectrum, and there are no pathognomonic imaging findings for COVID-19 pneumonia. Although CT scan is not a diagnostic and screening tool, familiarity with different imaging findings and their differential diagnosis can be helpful in a rapid and accurate decision-making.

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The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19): a pictorial review of chest CT features

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors May Increase While Active Vitamin D May Decrease the Risk of Severe Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease on Maintenance Hemodialysis

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors May Increase While Active Vitamin D May Decrease the Risk of Severe Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease on Maintenance Hemodialysis

COVID-19-Related Lung Involvement at Different Time Intervals: Evaluation of Computed Tomography Images With Semiquantitative Scoring System and COVID-19 Reporting and Data System Scoring

COVID-19 pneumonia: a pictorial review of CT findings and differential diagnosis

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