The North-western Italy air quality monitoring network: Improving experience of PM2.5 assessment with mutagenicity assay

Marangon, Daniele; Traversi, Deborah; D’Agostino, Anna Maria; Gea, Marta; Fontana, Mary F.; Schilirò, Tiziana

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.110699

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…At 20 m 3 /plate the urban extracts induced a significantly higher number of TA98 revertants than the rural extracts (number of TA98 revertants at 20 m 3 /plate t-test significant for: T vs. F1 p = 0.014, T vs. C p = 0.003, N vs. F2 p = 0.022). This result is in accordance with a recent study in which urban and rural samples (collected in the Piedmont region) were analyzed using the Ames test [49]. Indeed, Marangon et al [49] also found a higher mutagenicity for the urban sites with respect to the rural site during autumn-winter months.…”

Section: Ames Testsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…This result is in accordance with a recent study in which urban and rural samples (collected in the Piedmont region) were analyzed using the Ames test [49]. Indeed, Marangon et al [49] also found a higher mutagenicity for the urban sites with respect to the rural site during autumn-winter months. The higher mutagenic effect of the urban sites than of the rural sites could be due to the higher content of mutagenic substances in urban areas and also to the higher PM concentration in these areas with respect to rural areas.…”

Section: Ames Testsupporting

confidence: 89%

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In Vitro Effects of Particulate Matter Associated with a Wildland Fire in the North-West of Italy

Gea¹,

Bonetta²,

Marangon

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Wildland fires, increasing in recent decades in the Mediterranean region due to climate change, can contribute to PM levels and composition. This study aimed to investigate biological effects of PM2.5 (Ø < 2.5 µm) and PM10 (Ø < 10 µm) collected near a fire occurred in the North-West of Italy in 2017 and in three other areas (urban and rural areas). Organic extracts were assessed for mutagenicity using Ames test (TA98 and TA100 strains), cell viability (WST-1 and LDH assays) and genotoxicity (Comet assay) with human bronchial cells (BEAS-2B) and estrogenic activity using a gene reporter assay (MELN cells). In all sites, high levels of PM10 and PM2.5 were measured during the fire suggesting that near and distant sites were influenced by fire pollutants. The PM10 and PM2.5 extracts induced a significant mutagenicity in all sites and the mutagenic effect was increased with respect to historical data. All extracts induced a slight increase of the estrogenic activity but a possible antagonistic activity of PM samples collected near fire was observed. No cytotoxicity or DNA damage was detected. Results confirm that fires could be relevant for human health, since they can worsen the air quality increasing PM concentrations, mutagenic and estrogenic effects.

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Section: Ames Testsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Ames Testsupporting

confidence: 89%

In Vitro Effects of Particulate Matter Associated with a Wildland Fire in the North-West of Italy

Gea¹,

Bonetta²,

Marangon

et al. 2021

IJERPH

Self Cite

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“…With regard to the in vitro tests, the Ames test on the TA98 strain only (without metabolic activation) was slightly related to the total and carcinogenic PAHs and BaP concentration although a recent study also found a relationship between mutagenicity and PAH levels with other bacterial strains [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxic Activity of Particulate Matter and In Vivo Tests in Children Exposed to Air Pollution

Zani

Donato

Ceretti

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The aim of this paper was to investigate the relationship between micronuclei and DNA damage in children’s buccal mucosa cells and the genotoxicity and mutagenicity of the different sized fractions of particulate matter as well as the concentration of PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and metals in particulate matter. Air particulate matter was collected by high volume samplers located near the schools attended by the children on the same days of biological samplings. The mutagenic activity was assessed in different cells in in vitro tests (Ames test on bacteria and comet test on leukocytes). Our study showed weak positive correlations between (a) the mutagenicity of the PM0.5 fraction and PAHs and (b) the micronuclei test of children’s buccal cells and PAHs detected in PM0.5 and PM0.5–3 fractions. A positive correlation was also found between in vitro comet test on leukocytes and PAHs in the PM3–10 fraction. No correlation was observed for metal concentrations in each PM fraction.

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“…Therefore, the six air pollutants were examined during the three consecutive periods: pre-COVID (from 1 January to May 30, 2019), active COVID (from 1 January to May 30, 2020) and post-COVID (from 1 January to May 30, 2021). 2019 was selected as the pre-COVID period in order to compare all four seasons rather than only winter, since air pollutant patterns change with the seasons ( Marangon, 2021 ). For further assessment, we compared our results from 2017 (AQ-2017) and 2018 (AQ-2018) to better evaluate the impact of the changes in air pollutant patterns.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the change of ambient air quality patterns in Jiangsu Province of China pre-to post-COVID-19

et al. 2022

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Following the outbreak of the novel coronavirus in early 2020, to effectively prevent the spread of the disease, major cities across China suspended work and production. While the rest of the world struggles to control COVID-19, China has managed to control the pandemic rapidly and effectively with strong lockdown policies. This study investigates the change in air pollution (focusing on the air quality index (AQI), six ambient air pollutants nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤10 μm (PM 10 ) and ≤2.5 μm (PM 2.5 )) patterns for three periods: pre-COVID (from 1 January to May 30, 2019), active COVID (from 1 January to May 30, 2020) and post-COVID (from 1 January to May 30, 2021) in the Jiangsu province of China. Our findings reveal that the change in air pollution from pre-COVID to active COVID was greater than in previous years due to the government's lockdown policies. Post-COVID, air pollutant concentration is increasing. Mean change PM 2.5 from pre-COVID to active COVID decreased by 18%; post-COVID it has only decreased by 2%. PM 10 decreased by 19% from pre-COVID to active COVID, but post-COVID pollutant concentration has seen a 23% increase. Air pollutants show a positive correlation with COVID-19 cases among which PM 2.5 , PM 10 and NO 2 show a strong correlation during active COVID-19 cases. Metrological factors such as minimum temperature, average temperature and humidity show a positive correlation with COVID-19 cases while maximum temperature, wind speed and air pressure show no strong positive correlation. Although the COVID-19 pandemic had numerous negative effects on human health and the global economy, the reduction in air pollution and significant improvement in ambient air quality likely had substantial short-term health benefits; the government must implement policies to control post-COVID environmental issues.

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The North-western Italy air quality monitoring network: Improving experience of PM2.5 assessment with mutagenicity assay

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

In Vitro Effects of Particulate Matter Associated with a Wildland Fire in the North-West of Italy

In Vitro Effects of Particulate Matter Associated with a Wildland Fire in the North-West of Italy

Genotoxic Activity of Particulate Matter and In Vivo Tests in Children Exposed to Air Pollution

Assessing the change of ambient air quality patterns in Jiangsu Province of China pre-to post-COVID-19

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