The North-South Differential In Italian Economic Development

Eckaus, Richard S.

doi:10.1017/s002205070010292x

Cited by 70 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…For Italy we find a robust negative impact of the geographical region on compliance, consistent with the Italian business environment being geographically diverse (Gerschenkron [1955], Eckaus [1961], Terrasi [1999]) with Southern regions being characterized by informal governance institutions that are expected to reduce the demand for disclosure compliance. On the other hand, we do not find a similar effect for Germany although, subsequent to reunification, a lack of convergence between the less developed East and the more industrialized West led to considerable disparity in the levels of income, investment, and productivity (Boltho et al [1999]).…”

supporting

confidence: 75%

What drives the comparability effect of mandatory IFRS adoption?

2014

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We thank Lakshmanan Shivakumar (the editor) and an anonymous referee for their insightful suggestions and constructive feedback. We acknowledge the helpful comments of Rashad Abdel-Khalik, Jan Barton, Sudipta Basu, Katheryn Bewley, Ulf Brüggemann, Maria Correia, Lucie Courteau, Dan Givoly, Steven Huddart, Bjørn Jørgensen, Bin Ke, Urška Kosi, Garen Markarian, Peter Pope, Karthik Ramanna, Bill Rees, Shyam Sunder, İrem Tuna, Pauline Weetman, Steven Zeff, and seminar participants at the University of What Drives the Comparability Effect of Mandatory IFRS Adoption?ABSTRACT: We investigate the effects of mandatory IFRS adoption on the comparability of financial accounting information. Using two comparability proxies based on De Franco et al. [2011] and a comparability proxy based on the degree of information transfer, our results suggest that the overall comparability effect of mandatory IFRS adoption is marginal. We hypothesize that firm-level heterogeneity in IFRS compliance explains the limited comparability effect. To test this conjecture, we first hand-collect data on IFRS compliance for a sample of German and Italian firms and find that firm-, region-, and country-level incentives systematically shape IFRS compliance. We then use the identified compliance determinants to explain the variance in the comparability effect of mandatory IFRS adoption and find it to vary systematically with firm-level compliance determinants, suggesting that only firms with high compliance incentives experience substantial increases in comparability. Moreover, we document that firms from countries with tighter reporting enforcement experience larger IFRS comparability effects, and that public firms adopting IFRS become less comparable to local GAAP private firms from the same country.

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confidence: 75%

What drives the comparability effect of mandatory IFRS adoption?

2014

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“…As shown in Table 6, the North is in fact characterized by higher income and better labor market opportunities in the official sector. Actually, 6 out of 10 regions in Center-South fall into the "Objective 24 Indeed, the differential between North and Southern Italy has been widely studied over the years, see for instance Eckaus (1961) and Helliwell and Putnam (1995).…”

Section: The Role Of Labor Market Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration Restrictions and Criminal Behavior: Evidence from a Natural Experiment

Mastrobuoni

Pinotti

2011

SSRN Journal

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SummaryWe estimate the causal effect of immigrants' legal status on criminal behavior exploiting exogenous variation in migration restrictions across nationalities driven by the last round of the European Union enlargement. Unique individual-level data on a collective clemency bill enacted in Italy five months before the enlargement allow us to compare the post-release criminal record of inmates from new EU member countries with a control group of pardoned inmates from candidate EU member countries. Difference-in-differences in the probability of re-arrest between the two groups before and after the enlargement show that obtaining legal status lowers the recidivism of economically motivated offenders, but only in areas that provide relatively better labor market opportunities to legal immigrants. We provide a search-theoretic model of criminal behavior that is consistent with these results. Keywords AbstractWe estimate the causal effect of immigrants' legal status on criminal behavior exploiting exogenous variation in migration restrictions across nationalities driven by the last round of the European Union enlargement. Unique individual-level data on a collective clemency bill enacted in Italy five months before the enlargement allow us to compare the post-release criminal record of inmates from new EU member countries with a control group of pardoned inmates from candidate EU member countries. Difference-in-differences in the probability of re-arrest between the two groups before and after the enlargement show that obtaining legal status lowers the recidivism of economically motivated offenders, but only in areas that provide relatively better labor market opportunities to legal immigrants. We provide a search-theoretic model of criminal behavior that is consistent with these results.

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“…This is exactly the picture that emerges from Table 3 18 To be as conservative as possible, we include in this category individuals who were previously in prison for having committed only violent crimes; those reported for both economic and violent crimes are included among economically motivated offenders, as the latter crimes could be tied to the former ones (e.g., an assault during a robbery). 19 The economic divide between northern and southern Italy has long been studied (see, for instance, Eckaus [1961]; Helliwell and Putnam [1995]). Estimates of GDP differences are provided by the Italian Statistical Office, http://www.istat.it/it/archivio/52316.…”

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confidence: 99%

Legal Status and the Criminal Activity of Immigrants

Mastrobuoni¹,

Pinotti²

2014

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We exploit exogenous variation in legal status following the January 2007 European Union enlargement to estimate its effect on immigrant crime. We difference out unobserved timevarying factors by 1) comparing recidivism rates of immigrants from the "new" and "candidate" member countries and 2) using arrest data on foreign detainees released upon a mass clemency that occurred in Italy in August 2006. The timing of the two events allows us to set up a difference-in-differences strategy. Legal status leads to a 50 percent reduction in recidivism and explains one-half to two-thirds of the observed differences in crime rates between legal and illegal immigrants. JEL codes: F22, K42, C41

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The North-South Differential In Italian Economic Development

Cited by 70 publications

References 1 publication

What drives the comparability effect of mandatory IFRS adoption?

What drives the comparability effect of mandatory IFRS adoption?

Migration Restrictions and Criminal Behavior: Evidence from a Natural Experiment

Legal Status and the Criminal Activity of Immigrants

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