The North Atlantic Ocean as habitat for Calanus finmarchicus: Environmental factors and life history traits

Melle, Webjørn; Runge, Jeffrey A.; Head, Erica J. H.; Plourde, Stéphane; Castellani, Claudia; Licandro, Priscilla; Pierson, James J.; Jónasdóttir, Sigrún; Johnson, Catherine L.; Broms, Cecilie; Debes, Høgni; Falkenhaug, Tone; Gaard, Eilif; Gíslason, Ástþór; Heath, Michael R.; Niehoff, Barbara; Nielsen, Torkel Gissel; Pepin, Pierre; Stenevik, Erling Kaare; Chust, Guillem

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2014.04.026

Cited by 172 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 186 publications

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“…The environmental variables are recorded during this period in spring; thus, the observed associations might reflect effects on egg production by the parent generation or on early growth conditions for copepodites sampled in summer. However, most field studies to date have indicated that food availability is more important for C. finmarchicus egg production than direct effects of temperature (12,44); in particular, phytoplankton availability seems to benefit egg production (45). In light of the negative association between mean spring temperature and yearto-year variation in summer biomass, we hypothesize that the locally positive temperature−biomass association is driven by the spatial patterns in C. finmarchicus biomass in spring, with higher biomass in warmer, southwestern areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calanus finmarchicus dominates mesozooplankton biomass and is an important predator on phytoplankton throughout the North Atlantic (11,12). In the NS-BS, young stages of C. finmarchicus are preyed upon by larvae of demersal fish, and older stages are preyed upon by various pelagic stocks (12,13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the NS-BS, young stages of C. finmarchicus are preyed upon by larvae of demersal fish, and older stages are preyed upon by various pelagic stocks (12,13). Several studies have indicated that C. finmarchicus in the NS-BS is top-down controlled, particularly by Barents Sea capelin (14)(15)(16) and Norwegian spring spawning herring (17,18).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Disentangling the mechanisms behind climate effects on zooplankton

Kvile

Langangen

Prokopchuk

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Understanding how climate influences ecosystems is complicated by the many correlated and interrelated impacting factors. Here we quantify climate effects on Calanus finmarchicus in the northeastern Norwegian Sea and southwestern Barents Sea. By combining oceanographic drift models and statistical analyses of field data from 1959 to 1993 and investigating effects across trophic levels, we are able to elucidate pathways by which climate influences zooplankton. The results show that both chlorophyll biomass in spring and C. finmarchicus biomass in summer relate positively to a combination of shallow mixed layer depth and increased wind in spring, suggesting that C. finmarchicus biomass in summer is influenced by bottom-up effects of food availability. Furthermore, spatially resolved C. finmarchicus biomass in summer is linked to favorable transport from warmer, core areas to the south. However, increased mean temperature in spring does not lead to increased C. finmarchicus biomass in summer. Rather, spring biomass is generally higher, but population growth from spring to summer is lower, after a warm compared with a cold spring. Our study illustrates how improved understanding of climate effects can be obtained when different datasets and different methods are combined in a unified approach. responses in zooplankton phenology, distribution, abundance, and composition (1, 2), but the controlling mechanisms behind the associations are often elusive. For example, a change in temperature might directly affect zooplankton physiology (3) or indirectly influence zooplankton through effects on their prey (4) or ecosystem trophic structure (5). To make realistic projections of climate effects on marine ecosystems, there is a need for improved understanding of the mechanisms by which climate affects the different trophic levels.The Atlantic waters of the Norwegian Sea-Barents Sea (NS-BS) host a highly productive ecosystem including several large fish stocks of high socioeconomic importance (6). The area experienced increased water temperatures during the past decades (7) and is, like other high-latitude regions, predicted to warm substantially throughout the 21st century (8). Climate simulations further suggest globally increased ocean stratification, accompanied by decreased primary production in temperate regions but increased primary production in the subarctic (including the Barents Sea) (9, 10).Calanus finmarchicus dominates mesozooplankton biomass and is an important predator on phytoplankton throughout the North Atlantic (11, 12). In the NS-BS, young stages of C. finmarchicus are preyed upon by larvae of demersal fish, and older stages are preyed upon by various pelagic stocks (12, 13). Several studies have indicated that C. finmarchicus in the NS-BS is top-down controlled, particularly by Barents Sea capelin (14-16) and Norwegian spring spawning herring (17, 18). Consistent effects of climate or food availability have on the other hand rarely been demonstrated in situ (19-21).Investigating environmental effects on z...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disentangling the mechanisms behind climate effects on zooplankton

Kvile

Langangen

Prokopchuk

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The phytoplankton colour index (PCI), which is a visual assessment of the greenness of the silk, is used as an indicator of the distribution of total phytoplankton biomass across the Atlantic Basin (Batten et al, 2003b;Richardson et al, 2006). After comparing the distribution of Calanus finmarchicus by CPR and vertical-net sampling, Melle et al (2014) Fig. 1b).…”

Section: Mapping Of Key Species With Cprmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and Oithona spp., the gastropod Thecosomata species, the euphausid species, and the gelatinous zooplankton in the phylum Cnidaria. These taxa are representative of the most important multicellular zooplankton groups in the northern North Atlantic based on their abundance and on the roles they play within food webs and biogeochemical cycles (see Melle et al, 2014, for more details).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeography of key mesozooplankton species in the North Atlantic and egg production of <i>Calanus finmarchicus</i>

Melle

Runge

Head

et al. 2015

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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Abstract. Here we present a new, pan-North-Atlantic compilation of data on key mesozooplankton species, including the most important copepod, Calanus finmarchicus. Distributional data of eight representative zooplankton taxa, from recent (2000-2009) Continuous Plankton Recorder data, are presented, along with basinscale data of the phytoplankton colour index. Then we present a compilation of data on C. finmarchicus, including observations of abundance, demography, egg production and female size, with accompanying data on temperature and chlorophyll. This is a contribution by Canadian, European and US scientists and their insti-

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In a comfort zone and beyond—Ecological plasticity of key marine mediators

Trudnowska

Balazy

Stoń-Egiert

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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The North Atlantic Ocean as habitat for Calanus finmarchicus: Environmental factors and life history traits

Cited by 172 publications

References 186 publications

Disentangling the mechanisms behind climate effects on zooplankton

Disentangling the mechanisms behind climate effects on zooplankton

Biogeography of key mesozooplankton species in the North Atlantic and egg production of <i>Calanus finmarchicus</i>

In a comfort zone and beyond—Ecological plasticity of key marine mediators

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The North Atlantic Ocean as habitat for Calanus finmarchicus: Environmental factors and life history traits

Cited by 172 publications

References 186 publications

Disentangling the mechanisms behind climate effects on zooplankton

Disentangling the mechanisms behind climate effects on zooplankton

Biogeography of key mesozooplankton species in the North Atlantic and egg production of &lt;i&gt;Calanus finmarchicus&lt;/i&gt;

In a comfort zone and beyond—Ecological plasticity of key marine mediators

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Biogeography of key mesozooplankton species in the North Atlantic and egg production of <i>Calanus finmarchicus</i>