The North American Pawpaw: Botany and Horticulture

Pomper, Kirk W.; Layne, Desmond R.

doi:10.1002/9780470650882.ch7

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…4.2 ). The fruits are highly nutritious, have a strong aroma, and have a unique fl avor that resembles a combination of banana, mango, and pineapple (Pomper and Layne 2005 ;Duffrin and Pomper 2006 ) . The fruit has both fresh market and processing potential.…”

Section: Botanymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was interest in pawpaw as a fruit crop in the early 1900s; however, the rapid perishability of fruit likely decreased interest in this fruit (Peterson 1991 ) . Interest in pawpaw grew between 1950 and 1985, and recently, the appeal of pawpaw as a gourmet food has increased (Pomper and Layne 2005 ) . …”

Section: Origin and Domesticationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pawpaw production challenges have been reviewed by Pomper and Layne ( 2005 ) and included the need for high quality cultivars, poor pollination, and fruit perishability issues. A number of high-quality pawpaw cultivars with large fruit (over 5 oz) have been selected since 1950.…”

Section: Production and Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since 1960, additional pawpaw cultivars have been selected from the wild or developed as a result of breeding efforts of hobbyists. More than 40 clones are currently available (Pomper and Layne 2005 ) . The loss of cultivars over the last century may have led to erosion in the genetic base of current pawpaw cultivars (Huang et al 1997 ) .…”

Section: Breeding Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging Fruit Crops

et al. 2011

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Hundreds of fruit species with commercial potential are currently in a status of low economic importance. Some, such as quince, pomegranate, and fi gs, have been cultivated for thousands of years. Others have only been locally collected and consumed from wild populations of the fruit. The development of these underappreciated crops depends on a range of factors including the cultivation limitations, yields, uses of the fruit, and marketing potential. Although initially many crops are developed using selections from the wild, as they are developed, breeding programs work toward improving the crop for both production and quality. This chapter examines nine emerging crops chosen among hundreds of potential crops which are currently showing much promise as commercial crops. These include fi ve tree fruits, namely, pawpaw, quince, mayhaw, pomegranate, and fi g, and four berry crops, namely, blue honeysuckle, elder, goji, and 'ōhelo. Erect plant with spreading branches, reaches 6 m without size control; fruit orange to red L. chinense P. Mill Prostrate rambler, can grow on itself to 2 m (WPSM p. 694-696); fruit orange to red L. ruthenicum Murr.

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Section: Botanymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Origin and Domesticationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production and Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Breeding Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“…Although the fruits of pawpaw grow individually, they are typically found in clusters of three or more and change from a light green to a brownish-yellow color as they mature (Wood & Peterson, 1999). The fruit has a sugary taste, intense flavor, and a slightly fermented aroma that resembles a combination of pineapple, banana, and mango; the fruit also contains an abundance of nutrients, including proteins and vitamins (Hormaza, 2014;Pomper & Layne, 2005;Templeton, Marlette, Pomper, & Jones, 2003). Furthermore, many phenolic compounds and flavonoids exhibiting antioxidant effects have been isolated from pawpaw fruit (Brannan et al, 2015;Harris & Brannan, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Acetogenin Content and Antiproliferative Activity of Pawpaw (Asimina triloba [L.] Dunal) Fruit Pulp Grown in Korea

Nam

Park

Lee

et al. 2018

Journal of Food Science

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Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) contains acetogenins that can inhibit the growth of cancer cells. In our study, we demonstrate that the antiproliferative activity is higher in unripe than in ripe fruit and depends on acetogenin content. Our results indicate that the extract of unripe pawpaw fruit has value not only as a functional food, but has therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancer as a naturally derived substance that may be less toxic than conventional chemotherapy drugs.

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Identification of Annonaceous Acetogenins in the Ripe Fruit of the North American Pawpaw (Asimina triloba)

Pomper

Lowe²,

Crabtree³

et al. 2009

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The North American pawpaw [ Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal] is a tree fruit in the early stages of commercial production in the United States. This plant contains annonaceous acetogenins in the twigs, unripe fruit, seeds, roots, and bark tissues, which display antitumor, pesticidal, antimalarial, anthelmintic, piscicidal, antiviral, and antimicrobial effects, suggesting many potentially useful applications. However, commercial development of these compounds, based on twig extracts, has been problematic due to limited availability of biomass for extraction. Additionally, acetogenin compounds contained in fruit of pawpaw relatives (soursop or Annona muricata ) and tea made from the leaves of these plants may lead to an increased risk of atypical Parkinsonism later in life with overconsumption of these compounds. Therefore, the objectives of this study were (1) to determine if extracts of ripe pawpaw fruit pulp displayed acetogenin activity, (2) to identify potential acetogenin compounds in the fruit tissue, and (3) to determine if the acetogenin activity varied in diverse pawpaw genotypes and closely related Annona species. Extracts of ripe fruit had total extract weights and bioactivity using the brine shrimp bioassay similar to those from 'NC-1' pawpaw twig tissue. Pulp from soursop, cherimoya, and several additional pawpaw cultivars ('Mitchell', 'Overleese', 'NC-1','Zimmerman', 'Wells', and 'Sunflower') also displayed bioactivity, but peach or banana pulp did not. Ripe pawpaw pulp extract subjected to HPLC-MS analysis identified three prominent acetogenins: asimicin, bullatacin, and bullatalicin. This study points to pawpaw fruit pulp serving as a new biomass source for the extraction of acetogenin compounds for product development. An assessment of the potential human health risk of overconsumption of fruit and acetogenin bioavailability and degradation studies should be pursued.

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The North American Pawpaw: Botany and Horticulture

Cited by 20 publications

References 68 publications

Emerging Fruit Crops

Emerging Fruit Crops

Correlation Between Acetogenin Content and Antiproliferative Activity of Pawpaw (Asimina triloba [L.] Dunal) Fruit Pulp Grown in Korea

Identification of Annonaceous Acetogenins in the Ripe Fruit of the North American Pawpaw (Asimina triloba)

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