The North American and Pelican Nebulae. Ii. Mips Observations and Analysis

Rebull, L. M.; Guieu, S.; Stauffer, J. R.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A.; Noriega-Crespo, A.; Stapelfeldt, K.; Carey, Sean; Carpenter, John M.; Cole, David M.; Padgett, Deborah; Strom, S. E.; Wolff, Sidney C.

doi:10.1088/0067-0049/193/2/25

Cited by 78 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…The most reliable distance to the NAP clouds obtained in this set of studies was 520 ± 50 pc. This distance has been accepted for the final analysis of the Spitzer orbiting observatory results (Guieu et al 2009;Rebull et al 2011). The distance to the clouds, surrounding the NAP nebulae, is somewhat smaller than that obtained in the present paper in the direction of M29, ∼800 pc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 46%

Interstellar Extinction in the Direction of the Open Cluster M29

Straižys

Vrba

Boyle

et al. 2015

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The interstellar extinction is investigated in a 1.5 deg 2 area in the direction of the open cluster M29 (NGC 6913) in Cygnus, centered at R.A. = 20 h 24 m , decl. = +38°30′. The study is based on photometric classification of 1110 stars in spectral and luminosity classes down to V = 19 mag using photometry in the Vilnius seven-color system published in Paper I (Milašius et al. 2013). Additionally, in the same area the extinction is investigated using 1147 red clump giants (RCGs), identified by combining selected two-color diagrams of the 2MASS and Spitzer surveys. The investigated area is divided into three parts with different obscuration and in these directions the extinction versus distance plots up to 5 kpc are presented. In the whole area a steep rise of the extinction is observed at a distance of ∼800 pc; it should be related to dust clouds in the Great Cygnus Rift obscuring the stars behind it by A V = 4.0-4.7 mag. RCGs exhibit much larger extinction values, up to A K s = 1.2-1.3 mag in the more transparent areas and 1.45 mag in the northeastern part of the area and above it, where the dust cloud TGU H466 is located. These values of A K s correspond to A V = 10-12 mag. We do not exclude the possibility that the largest values of the extinction belong not to RCGs but to some contaminating intrinsically red AGB stars penetrated through the applied RCG selection constraints. The extinction in the TGU H466 cloud probably originates in two cloud systems-the Great Cygnus Rift at 800 pc and the Cygnus X complex of dust and molecular clouds at 1.3-1.5 kpc.

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confidence: 46%

Interstellar Extinction in the Direction of the Open Cluster M29

Straižys

Vrba

Boyle

et al. 2015

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“…Specifically, the Spitzer fluxes from 2006/2007 reported by Rebull et al (2011) at both 3.6 μm and 4.5 μm were a factor of more than 10 lower than those recorded by WISE in 2010 at 3.35 μm and 4.6 μm. The WISE 22 μm measurement can be compared with data from not only Spitzer but also from earlier MSX (21.3 μm) and IRAS (25 μm) measurements.…”

Section: Mid-infrared Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 70%

HIGHLY VARIABLE EXTINCTION AND ACCRETION IN THE JET-DRIVING CLASS I-TYPE YOUNG STAR PTF 10nvg (V2492 Cyg, IRAS 20496+4354)

Hillenbrand

Miller

Covey

et al. 2013

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We report extensive new photometry and spectroscopy of the highly variable young stellar object PTF 10nvg (also known as IRAS 20496+4354 and V2492 Cyg), including optical and near-infrared time-series data as well as mid-infrared and millimeter data. Following the previously reported 2010 rise to R PTF 13 m . 5 and subsequent fade, during 2011 and 2012 the source underwent additional episodes of brightening, followed by several magnitude dimming events including prolonged faint states at R PTF 20 m . The observed high-amplitude variations are largely consistent with extinction changes (ΔA V up to 30 mag) having a ∼220 day quasi-periodic signal. However, photometry measured when the source was near maximum brightness in mid-2010 as well as in late-2012 does not phase well to this period. Spectral evolution includes not only changes in the spectral slope but also correlated variation in the prominence of TiO/VO/CO bands and atomic line emission, as well as anti-correlated variation in forbidden line emission which, along with H 2 , dominates optical and infrared spectra at faint epochs. Notably, nightto-night variations in several forbidden doublet strengths and ratios are observed. High-dispersion spectra were obtained in a variety of photometric states and reveal time-variable line profiles. Neutral and singly ionized atomic species are likely formed in an accretion flow and/or impact while the origin of zero-velocity atomic Li i λ6707 in emission is unknown. Forbidden lines, including several rare species, exhibit blueshifted emission profiles and likely arise from an outflow/jet. Several of these lines are also seen spatially offset from the continuum source position, presumably in a shocked region of an extended jet. Blueshifted absorption components of the Na i D doublet, K i λλ7665, 7669 doublet, and the O i 7774 triplet, as well as blueshifted absorption components seen against the broad Hα and Ca ii triplet emission lines, similarly are formed in the outflow. CARMA maps resolve on larger scales a spatially extended outflow in millimeter-wavelength CO. We attribute the recently observed photometric and spectroscopic behavior to rotating circumstellar disk material located at separation a ≈ 0.7(M * /M ) 1/3 AU from the continuum source, causing the semi-periodic dimming. Occultation of the central star as well as the bright inner disk and the accretion/outflow zones renders shocked gas in the inner part of the jet amenable to observation at the faint epochs. We discuss PTF 10nvg as a source exhibiting both accretion-driven (perhaps analogous to V1647 Ori) and extinction-driven (perhaps analogous to UX Ori or GM Cep) high-amplitude variability phenomena.

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“…(2009) scheme, the Harvey et al (2007) scheme, the J − H versus H − K diagram, six reddening-free color indices Q similar to those defined by Damiani et al (2006) and Guarcello et al (2007Guarcello et al ( , 2009, and the [3.6] versus [3.6]-[24] diagram (Rebull et al 2011). The combined list of selected stars, amounting to 2703 sources, has been pruned from stars with unreliable excesses, and candidate foreground stars, background giants, and extragalactic sources by using a specific five-steps selection algorithm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protoplanetary Disks in the Nearby Massive Star-Forming Region Cygnus Ob2

Guarcello

Drake

Wright

et al. 2013

ApJ

119

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The formation of stars in massive clusters is one of the main modes of the star formation process. However, the study of massive star-forming regions is hampered by their typically large distances to the Sun. One exception to this is the massive star-forming region Cygnus OB2 in the Cygnus X region, at the distance of ∼1400 pc. Cygnus OB2 hosts very rich populations of massive and low-mass stars, being the best target in our Galaxy to study the formation of stars, circumstellar disks, and planets in the presence of massive stars. In this paper, we combine a wide and deep set of photometric data, from the r band to 24 μm, in order to select the disk-bearing population of stars in Cygnus OB2 and identify the class I, class II, and stars with transition and pre-transition disks. We selected 1843 sources with infrared excesses in an area of 1• × 1• centered on Cyg OB2 in several evolutionary stages: 8.4% class I, 13.1% flat-spectrum sources, 72.9% class II, 2.3% pre-transition disks, and 3.3% transition disks. The spatial distribution of these sources shows a central cluster surrounded by an annular overdensity and some clumps of recent star formation in the outer region. Several candidate subclusters are identified, both along the overdensity and in the rest of the association.

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The North American and Pelican Nebulae. Ii. Mips Observations and Analysis

Cited by 78 publications

References 67 publications

Interstellar Extinction in the Direction of the Open Cluster M29

Interstellar Extinction in the Direction of the Open Cluster M29

HIGHLY VARIABLE EXTINCTION AND ACCRETION IN THE JET-DRIVING CLASS I-TYPE YOUNG STAR PTF 10nvg (V2492 Cyg, IRAS 20496+4354)

The Protoplanetary Disks in the Nearby Massive Star-Forming Region Cygnus Ob2

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