The normal short child: Community study of children in Newcastle upon Tyne

Lacey, Karen; Parkin, J M

doi:10.1136/adc.49.6.417

Cited by 62 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…first-degree relative suggesting a genetic aetiology (77,78). Since magnetic-resonance examinations detect only about 12 -20% of anomalies of either the hypothalamus or pituitary gland in patients suffering from IGHD one might assume that many genetic defects may not be diagnosed and that a significantly higher proportion of sporadic cases may indeed have a genetic cause (80).…”

Section: Familial Isolated Ghdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic control of growth

Mullis¹

2005

eur j endocrinol

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The application of the powerful tool molecular biology has made it possible to ask questions not only about hormone production and action but also to characterize many of the receptor molecules that initiate responses to the hormones. We are beginning to understand how cells may regulate the expression of genes and how hormones intervene in regulatory processes to adjust the expression of individual genes. In addition, great strides have been made in understanding how individual cells talk to each other through locally released factors to coordinate growth, differentiation, secretion, and other responses within a tissue. In this review I (1) focus on developmental aspects of the pituitary gland, (2) focus on the different components of the growth hormone axis and (3) examine the different altered genes and their related growth factors and/or regulatory systems that play an important physiological and pathophysiological role in growth. Further, as we have already entered the 'post-genomic' area, in which not only a defect at the molecular level becomes important but also its functional impact at the cellular level, I concentrate in the last part on some of the most important aspects of cell biology and secretion.

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Section: Familial Isolated Ghdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic control of growth

Mullis¹

2005

eur j endocrinol

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“…Short stature associated with GH deficiency is reported to be between 1 in 4,000 and 1 in 10,000 of the population in several studies [5][6][7][8]. However, the exact incidence of severe short stature with severe GH deficiency (GHD) among total short stature patients (HtSDS below -2), and the proportion of GH-related gene abnormalities in severe short stature with severe GHD have yet to be clarified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of Very Severe Short Stature with Severe GH Deficiency: From the Data Registered with the Foundation for Growth Science

Hanew¹,

Tachibana

Yokoya

et al. 2005

Endocr J

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Abstract. The ratio, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic efficacy of hGH treatment in patients with severe short stature (HtSDS below -4SD) with severe GHD (all peak GH values to provocation tests: below 2 mg/L) were studied. From March 1986 to January 1998, 23,110 patients with idiopathic GH deficiency (IGHD) were registered with the Foundation for Growth Science, Japan. These subjects were divided into 5 groups as follows: Group 1 (G1), all subjects; Group 2 (G2), at least one GH peak to provocative test ³5 mg/L; Group 3 (G3), 2 mg/L£GH peak<5 mg/L; Group 4 (G4), all GH peaks<2 mg/L and HtSDS>-4; Group 5 (G5), all GH peaks<2 mg/L and HtSDS£-4. The ratio of G5 was 139 patients (0.6%) out of 23,110 patients with IGHD. In G5, there were no significant differences in birth weight, birth length, gestational age and parental height between G2, G3 and G4. However, asphyxia at delivery was more frequent in G5 and G4 than G2 and G3. Chronological age (CA), bone age (BA) and BA/CA ratio at registration were significantly lower in G5 than G2, G3 and G4. Further, the IGF-I SD score in G5 was significantly lower than those in G2 and G3. After hGH treatment, the final height and final height SDS in G5 remained the lowest, while the DHtSDS value in G5 was the greatest among G2 to G5 groups. In conclusion, the ratio of severe short stature with severe GH deficiency (G5) is only 0.6% of all IGHD cases. Growth failure in G5 seems to occur after birth, and its etiology in G5 seems to be different from that of patients with other forms of IGHD. Early diagnosis and hGH treatment are needed to attain better final height.

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“…Na nova consulta, também se avalia a idade óssea. Várias propostas de classificação das baixas estaturas têm sido feitas por diferentes autores [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] , e até o presente momento não existe um consenso sobre uma classificação ideal. Alguns critérios têm sido utilizados, tais como etiologia, patogênese, ausência ou não de proporcionalidade dos segmentos corporais, congênita ou adquirida.…”

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“…Vários autores sugerem a combinação dos dois grupos acima [32][33][34][37][38][39][40][41] (baixa estatura constitucional/atraso constitucional do crescimento com componente familiar), em que as crianças se encontram abaixo do percentil 3 da curva de Tanner & Whitehouse 22 , possuindo idade óssea atrasada em relação à idade cronológica e estando dentro do canal familiar, mas há poucas referências sobre a combinação do componente familiar para baixa estatura e atraso do crescimento e da maturação, como um grupo isolado 36,41 , e não há informação em relação aos eventos puberais e à estatura final neste grupo.…”

Section: Baixa Estatura Familiar (Genética)unclassified

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Monitoring growth

Zeferino¹,

Filho²,

Bettiol³

et al. 2003

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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ResumoObjetivo: apresentar conceitos relacionados à avaliação do crescimento, ressaltando os aspectos da avaliação do indivíduo. Fontes dos dados:o artigo foi desenvolvido tomando como base as publicações que discutem a aplicação da antropometria na avaliação do estado nutricional, publicadas pela OMS, artigos originais e capítulos de livros com esse mesmo conteúdo, e as críticas que os auxologistas fazem a esse tipo de avaliação, quando aplicadas individualmente.Síntese dos dados: são apresentados conceitos de referência, maturidade esquelética, alvo parental, escore z, baixa estatura, velocidade de crescimento, índice de massa corporal e seus pressupostos e limitações.Conclusões: a avaliação do estado nutricional de populações baseia-se em pontos de corte, partindo do pressuposto de que quem está abaixo ou acima daquele ponto apresenta um problema nutricional. A avaliação clínica baseia-se na idéia de variabilidade, e que esta pode ser tanto biológica quanto social, e cabe ao clínico estabelecer se a criança está dentro ou fora de determinados parâmetros e se tem um crescimento, ou um diagnóstico nutricional, normais. Ao acompanhar o crescimento de uma criança ou adolescente, o parâmetro mais importante a ser considerado é a velocidade de crescimento.J Pediatr (Rio J) 2003;79(Supl.1):S23-S32: crescimento, antropometria, curva de crescimento, maturação, estado nutricional, baixa estatura, obesidade. AbstractObjective: to present concepts related to growth assessment, with emphasis on aspects concerning the evaluation of individuals.Sources of data: the present paper is based on reports published by the WHO regarding the use anthropometry for the assessment of nutritional status; on original articles; and on book chapters about the same topic, as well as on the criticisms of auxologists of this type of assessment when employed at the individual level.Summary of the findings: concepts concerning reference, skeletal maturity, mid-parental target height, z score, short stature, growth rate, body mass index, and their assumptions and limitations are presented.Conclusions: the assessment of the nutritional status of a population is based on cut-off points, taking into consideration that whoever is below or above that point presents a nutritional problem. Clinical evaluation is based on the idea of variability, which can be both biological and social, and on the idea that it is the clinician's task to establish whether a child within or outside given parameters presents normal growth and nutritional status. When monitoring the growth of a child or adolescent, the most important parameter to be considered is growth rate.J Pediatr (Rio J) 2003;79(Supl.1):S23-S32: growth, anthropometry, growth curve, maturation, nutritional status, short stature, obesity. Acompanhamento do crescimentoMonitoring growth IntroduçãoA avaliação do crescimento é um importante instrumento para se conhecer a saúde, tanto individualmente, quanto coletivamente. Villermé, em 1828, já reconheceu a influên-cia ambiental sobre o crescimento. Percebeu...

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The normal short child: Community study of children in Newcastle upon Tyne

Cited by 62 publications

References 12 publications

Genetic control of growth

Genetic control of growth

Studies of Very Severe Short Stature with Severe GH Deficiency: From the Data Registered with the Foundation for Growth Science

Monitoring growth

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