The normal pericardium

Holt, J. P.

doi:10.1016/0002-9149(70)90702-2

Cited by 176 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Between these two layers is the pericardial space which normally contains \ 20-25 mL of fluid. 1 Inflammation of the pericardium (i.e., pericarditis) can lead to an excess accumulation of this fluid thereby defining pericardial effusion. The various etiologies of acute pericarditis and effusion are represented in Table 1 and are associated with a wide range of clinical conditions.…”

Section: Résumémentioning

confidence: 99%

Anesthesia and the patient with pericardial disease

Grocott

Gulati

Srinathan

et al. 2011

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

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Purpose Pericardial diseases present unique perioperative considerations for the anesthesiologist. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of the pertinent issues related to the etiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and perioperative management of patients presenting for operative treatment of pericardial disease. Source A selective search of the anesthesia, cardiology, and cardiothoracic surgical literature was carried out with particular emphasis on acute pericarditis, effusion, tamponade, and constrictive pericarditis Principal findings The anesthesiologist needs to be well versed in the etiology (i.e., differential diagnosis), pathophysiology, and diagnostic modalities in order to best prepare the patient for surgery. Diagnosis and guidance of management requires a working knowledge of the specific associated hemodynamic consequences, particularly of the impaired diastolic function that can occur. Echocardiography is essential in the diagnosis and management of these patients. Conclusions Patients with acute and chronic pericardial diseases often require the need for surgical intervention. Several unique features of acute tamponade and constrictive pericarditis require careful perioperative consideration. With proper preparation and pre-anesthetic optimization, patients with a variety of pericardial diseases can be safely managed before, during, and after their surgical intervention.

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Section: Résumémentioning

confidence: 99%

Anesthesia and the patient with pericardial disease

Grocott

Gulati

Srinathan

et al. 2011

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

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“…The effect of the developing pericardium on ventricular interaction is not known. Studies of adult hearts enclosed by the pericardium and having a relatively more compliant right than left ventricular free wall have indicated that the pericardium enhances ventricular coupling (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Furthermore, other adult studies suggest that the pericardium may grow or adapt to increased volume loads imposed on the myocardium (1 7, 19-2 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, other adult studies suggest that the pericardium may grow or adapt to increased volume loads imposed on the myocardium (1 7, 19-2 1). Myocardial development may actually stimulate growth and affect endogenous characteristics of the pericardium (22)(23)(24). Therefore, it is reasonable to postulate that the pericardium may affect ventricular coupling in developing hearts and that these effects may vary at different time points in development (25)(26)(27)(28)(29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pericardial Effects on Diastolic Ventricular Interaction during Development

et al. 1990

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ABSTRACT. The effects of the pericardium on myocardial diastolic ventricular interaction during early development were determined in vitro using hearts excised from eight preterm (109 f 0.106 SE d gestation; term = 147 d) and eight newborn (2.3 + 0.30 SE d postnatal age) lambs. The lamb hearts were excised with the pericardium intact and immersed in a cold cardioplegic solution. Subsequently, very compliant balloon catheters were inserted into the right and left ventricles retrograde through the pulmonary artery and aorta respectively. Before and after the removal of the pericardium, the changes in left ventricular pressure or volume caused by increasing right ventricular pressure or volume were measured. Computerized analysis of the pressure and volume recordings yielded pressure and volume transfer functions that quantified ventricular interaction. The pressure transfer functions (left ventricular pressure/right ventricular pressure) both with and without the pericardium intact were 0.297 f 0.010 SE and 0.140 f 0.005 SE, respectively, for the preterms and 0.650 + 0.033 S E and 0.301 f 0.031 SE for the newborns. The volume transfer functions (left ventricular volume/right ventricular volume) with and without the pericardium were 0.320 f 0.04 SE and 0.150 f 0.024 SE, respectively, for the preterm and 0.514 f 0.052 SE and 0.233 f 0.027 S E for the newborns. These data demonstrate that 1 ) the pericardium increases ventricular interaction in both preterm and newborn lambs and 2) the relative percentage increase is similar for both age groups and not age dependent. Furthermore, these findings suggest that the increase in ventricular interaction due to the presence of the pericardium is mediated by the relative compliances of the free walls, septum, and pericardium. through the myocardium, independent of neural, circulatory, or humoral effects, is termed ventricular interaction (1-3).Previous in vitro investigations have demonstrated age-related differences in diastolic ventricular interaction in the absence of the pericardium (4). These differences in interaction were attributed to a difference in the relative compliances of the interventricular septae between preterm and newborn lamb hearts. In a previous study (4), no difference was demonstrated between the free wall compliances of the right and left ventricular free walls of either group. The effect of the developing pericardium on ventricular interaction is not known. Studies of adult hearts enclosed by the pericardium and having a relatively more compliant right than left ventricular free wall have indicated that the pericardium enhances ventricular coupling (5-18). Furthermore, other adult studies suggest that the pericardium may grow or adapt to increased volume loads imposed on the myocardium (1 7, 19-2 1). Myocardial development may actually stimulate growth and affect endogenous characteristics of the pericardium (22-24). Therefore, it is reasonable to postulate that the pericardium may affect ventricular coupling in developing hearts and that these effec...

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“…Μεταξύ των δύο πετάλων του ορογόνου περικαρδίου (τοιχωματικό και περισπλάχνιο) σχηματίζεται η περικαρδιακή κοιλότητα, που φυσιολογικά περιέχει μικρή ποσότητα υγρού (στον άνθρωπο ~15-30 mL ή 0,25±0,15mL/Kg), που γενικά ποικίλει μεταξύ των ειδών (77,81,82).…”

Section: ανατομίαunclassified

“…Αυτό ίσως να περιορίζει μερικώς την εγκυρότητα των δεδομένων (107). Το περικαρδιακό υγρό αποτελεί υπερδιήθημα του αίματος και έχει μία σειρά από ιδιαίτερα χαρακτηριστικά, κατ΄αναλογία προς το υπεζωκοτικό (81).…”

Section: περικαρδιακό υγρόunclassified

Ο Ρόλος Των Οπιοειδών Στην Ηλεκτρική Αντίσταση Υπεζωκότα Και Περικαρδίου Προβάτου

Βογιατζίδης¹,

Vogiatzidis²

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The normal pericardium

Cited by 176 publications

References 48 publications

Anesthesia and the patient with pericardial disease

Anesthesia and the patient with pericardial disease

Pericardial Effects on Diastolic Ventricular Interaction during Development

Ο Ρόλος Των Οπιοειδών Στην Ηλεκτρική Αντίσταση Υπεζωκότα Και Περικαρδίου Προβάτου

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