“…Nontraumatic scrotal pain encompasses a large array of differential diagnoses, including testicular torsion, inguinal hernia, idiopathic scrotal edema, hydrocele/ varicocele, renal colic, idiopathic testicular infarction, testicular tumor, leukemia, scrotal abscess, epididymitis, and orchitis. Although all of these diagnoses should be considered in the athlete presenting with an irritated or painful scrotum [79], this section deals with the most common infectious causes, including epididymitis and orchitis. Epididymitis is the most common cause of acute scrotum in adolescent boys and young men [80,81].…”