The nonlinear absorption in new lanthanide double decker pyridine-based phthalocyanines in solution and thin films

The optical limiting of blue and green ytterbium double-decker phthalocyanines in solution and in poly(acrylic acid) as thin films

“…In solid state, as shown in Fig. 2, 2a-TF shows better NLO as judged by the largest decrease in normalized transmittance as is typical of thin films [26,27].…”

“…Complex 2a (2.02 mg, 0.86 lmol) was transferred to the well dissolved PAA solution and stirred for another 24 h. The mixture was then transferred onto a clean thin glass slide and dried in the oven at 110°C as reported previously [27]. Complex 2a was then reduced to form 2b.…”

“…All Z-scan experiments described in this study were performed using a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser (Quanta-Ray, 1.5 J/10 ns fwhm pulse duration) as the excitation source, as described before [27].…”

“…For practical purposes in NLO applications, Pc complexes are embedded in thin films of polymers such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) [25] or poly (bisphenol A carbonate) (PBC) [26] resulting in improved optical limiting behavior compared to when in solution. Recently, poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) [27] was shown to result in improved optical limiting behavior when compared to PMMA, hence the employment of the former in this work. …”

Nonlinear optical behavior of neodymium mono- and bi-nuclear phthalocyanines linked to zinc oxide nanoparticles and incorporated into poly acrylic acid

“…Ultraviolet-visible spectra (UV-Vis) were recorded on a Shimadzu UV-Vis 2550 spectrophotometer. 1 All Z-scan experiments described in this study were performed using a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser (Quanta-Ray, 1.5 J /10 ns fwhm pulse duration) as the excitation source, as described before [26]. msec), the resolution (2048 pts), power (2.00mW), the modulation frequency (100 kHz) and the center field (3500 G) were used as the experimental parameters at 298 K using five scans.…”