The non-coding epitranscriptome in cancer

Abstract

Post-synthesis modification of biomolecules is an efficient way of regulating and optimizing their functions. The human epitranscriptome includes a variety of more than 100 modifications known to exist in all RNA subtypes. Modifications of non-coding RNAs are particularly interesting since they can directly affect their structure, stability, interaction and function. Indeed, non-coding RNAs such as tRNA and rRNA are the most modified RNA species in eukaryotic cells. In the last 20 years, new functions of non-coding RNAs have been discovered and their involvement in human disease, including cancer, became clear. In this review, we will present the evidence connecting modifications of different non-coding RNA subtypes and their role in cancer.

RNA modifications detection by comparative Nanopore direct RNA sequencing

“…IVT 7SK, we used 500ng of unmodified IVT RNA prepared as described above, using the adapter complementary to the 3′end of 7SK. m 6 A RNA immunoprecipitation and qRT-PCR. Cell nuclei were obtained from MOLM13 WT (six independent biological replicates) or METTL3-KD cells (six independent biological replicates for each shRNA) six days after doxycycline administration.…”

“…It is deposited mainly by the METTL3/METTL14/WTAP complex and has a variety of functions such as regulation of nuclear export, translation, and degradation of RNAs 4 , 5 . Other modifications, including Inosine (I), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), pseudouridine (Ψ) N6,N6-dimethyladenosine (m6,2A), 1-methylguanosine (m1G), 2′-O methyladenosine (2′-OMeA), and 7-methylguanosine (m7G), are increasingly recognized as important for the regulation of different RNAs in physiological and pathological contexts, including cancer 6 , 7 .…”

Research Progress of RNA Methylation Modification in Colorectal Cancer

“…Dynamic modification of RNA enables cells to respond rapidly to changes in the external environment, and the ability to adapt to changing microenvironments (such as stimuli and stress) is critical for tumor cell survival. Recent research has demonstrated that RNA modification has become a main emerging regulator in cancer by regulating various RNA metabolic processes ( Cui et al, 2017 ; Barbieri and Kouzarides, 2020 ; Miano et al, 2021 ). More and more evidence has shown that the abnormal expression of various m6A regulatory proteins plays a role in promoting or suppressing tumors in human tumors ( Nombela et al, 2021 ).…”