The non-cancer mortality experience of male workers at British Nuclear Fuels plc, 1946–2005

McGeoghegan, D; Binks, K.; Gillies, Michael; Jones, Steve; Whaley, Steve

doi:10.1093/ije/dyn018

Cited by 141 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…A statistically significant association, with ERR/Sv of 0.65 (90% CI: 0.36, 0.98), has recently been reported in a large cohort of workers at the British Nuclear Fuels [23]. However, the authors concluded that their results were not consistent with a simple causal interpretation and that further studies were required, including investigation of the possible role of the factors associated with the socio-economic status.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Low dose ionizing radiation exposure and cardiovascular disease mortality: cohort study based on Canadian national dose registry of radiation workers

Zielinski¹,

Ashmore²,

Band³

et al. 2009

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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Objectives: The purpose of our study was to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a Canadian cohort of 337 397 individuals (169 256 men and 168 141 women) occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation and included in the National Dose Registry (NDR) of Canada. Material and Methods: Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation, such as those received during radiotherapy, leads to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The emerging evidence of excess risk of CVDs after exposure to doses well below those previously considered as safe warrants epidemiological studies of populations exposed to low levels of ionizing radiation. In the present study, the cohort consisted of employees at nuclear power stations (nuclear workers) as well as medical, dental and industrial workers. The mean whole body radiation dose was 8.6 mSv for men and 1.2 mSv for women. Results: During the study period , as many as 3 533 deaths from cardiovascular diseases have been identified (3 018 among men and 515 among women). In the cohort, CVD mortality was significantly lower than in the general population of Canada. The cohort showed a significant dose response both among men and women. Risk estimates of CVD mortality in the NDR cohort, when expressed as excess relative risk per unit dose, were higher than those in most other occupational cohorts and higher than in the studies of Japanese atomic bomb survivors. Conclusions: The study has demonstrated a strong positive association between radiation dose and the risk of CVD mortality. Caution needs to be exercised when interpreting these results, due to the potential bias introduced by dosimetry uncertainties, the possible record linkage errors, and especially by the lack of adjustment for non-radiation risk factors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Low dose ionizing radiation exposure and cardiovascular disease mortality: cohort study based on Canadian national dose registry of radiation workers

Zielinski¹,

Ashmore²,

Band³

et al. 2009

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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“…In recent analyses of the BNFL cohort (an influential component of the UK contribution to the INWORKS cohort), which had additional information on the exact dates of internal exposure, it was notable that the ERR/Sv estimate for internally monitored workers was actually lower than for workers not monitored for internal radiation (40,41). It may also be possible that internal exposures influence the pattern of risks we are observing; recent findings in the Mayak cohort suggest a possible link between IHD, cerebrovascular disease and plutonium exposure (34)(35)(36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality from Circulatory System Diseases among French Uranium Miners: A Nested Case-Control Study

et al. 2015

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“…For example, in Nagasaki and Hiroshima fetal exposure to relatively high levels of radiation (120-230 mSv) led to a deterministic risk of mental retardation, although there is little evidence to support a connection for older children (6). There are also analyses of nuclear industry workers that show a link between radiation exposure and cardiovascular disease (41). The potential risk of additional adverse effects from radiation exposure should be noted, but at present there are not enough data to quantify the increased risk, especially for low levels of radiation and for the pediatric population.…”

Section: Dosimetry and Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight-Based, Low-Dose Pediatric Whole-Body PET/CT Protocols

Alessio¹,

Kinahan²,

Manchanda³

et al. 2009

J Nucl Med

112

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Adult PET/CT acquisition protocols need to be modified for pediatric imaging to minimize the radiation dose while maintaining diagnostic utility. We developed pediatric PET/CT acquisition protocols customized to patient weight and estimated the dosimetry and cancer risk of these low-dose protocols to communicate basic imaging risks. Methods: Protocols were developed for whole-body 18 F-FDG imaging of patients in PET mode with a weight-based injected activity (5.3 MBq/kg) and acquisition times (3-5 min/field of view) and for CT for attenuation correction and localization with a weightbased tube current ranging from 10 to 40 mAs. Patients were categorized on the basis of the Broselow-Luten color-coded weight scale. Dosimetry and radiation-induced cancer risk for the PET and CT acquisition in each category were derived from mean patient sizes and the interpolation of factors from accepted patient models. Results: Whole-body pediatric PET/CT protocols require the customization of PET-acquisition settings and task-specific selection of CT technique. The proposed weight-based protocols result in an approximate effective dose ranging from 8.0 mSv for a 9-kg patient up to 13.5 mSv for a 63-kg patient. The radiation dose from the proposed protocols is 20%250% (depending on patient weight), the dose from PET/ CT protocols that use a fixed CT technique of 120 mAs and 120 kVp. The approximate, conservative estimate of additional lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer incidence for females using the proposed protocols was approximately 3 in 1,000, with a variation of 18% across patient categories. For males, the additional LAR of cancer incidence was approximately 2 in 1,000, with a variation of 16% across categories. Conclusion: Lowdose PET/CT protocols for 11 patient weight categories were developed. The proposed protocols offer an initial set of acquisition parameters for pediatric PET/CT. The use of multiple categories allows for the continued refinement of dose-reduction parameters to minimize dose while maintaining image quality across the range of pediatric patient sizes. Thecombi nation of PETand CT is a well-established tool for adult medical imaging and has proven value for oncology, cardiology, and neurology. As the availability of these dualmodality systems increases, PET/CT is of growing importance in pediatric imaging-particularly for cancer detection, staging, therapeutic response monitoring, and outcome prediction (1). Adult PET/CT protocols should be appropriately modified for application to the pediatric population. Several works have offered recommendations on pediatric PET/CT protocols (2-4). In general, pediatric protocols are similar to adult protocols. Some variations that may require special attention include ensuring that the patient is quiescent during the uptake phase, providing a warm environment during the uptake phase, and determining whether sedation and imaging of the extremities is warranted. Development of pediatric protocols also requires the careful selection of PET and CT acquisition ...

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The non-cancer mortality experience of male workers at British Nuclear Fuels plc, 1946–2005

Cited by 141 publications

References 68 publications

Low dose ionizing radiation exposure and cardiovascular disease mortality: cohort study based on Canadian national dose registry of radiation workers

Low dose ionizing radiation exposure and cardiovascular disease mortality: cohort study based on Canadian national dose registry of radiation workers

Mortality from Circulatory System Diseases among French Uranium Miners: A Nested Case-Control Study

Weight-Based, Low-Dose Pediatric Whole-Body PET/CT Protocols

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