The Nomological Network of the Short Dark Tetrad Scale (SD4)

Blötner, Christian; Ziegler, Matthias; Wehner, Caroline; Back, Mitja D.; Grosz, Michael P.

doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000655

Cited by 37 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…At the same time, they aimed for an economical measurement instrument. In Blötner et al (2021), the SD4 Mach revealed similar associations with the problematic criteria as the MaaQ did in our present study. Thus, we conclude that the MaaQ contributed to a better differentiation, provided theoretically sound explanations, warrants reasonable reliabilities for the respective scores (Cronbach’s αs from .73 to .78 for both studies), and is just as economical as other Mach scales or even more economical (MaaQ: 8 items, combined; SD4 Mach: 7 items; TDMS: 12 items; MPS: 16 items).…”

Section: Discussion Study 2 and General Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…We measured Mach with the MaaQ (see Study 1), our German translation of the Two-Dimensional Machiavellianism Scale (TDMS; Monaghan et al, 2020), and the seven-item Mach scale from the German SD4 (Blötner et al, 2021). The TDMS assesses Machiavellian Views and Machiavellian Tactics with six items each.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We assessed psychopathy with a German translation of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-III-Short Form (SRP) as used in Blötner et al (2021; original Gordts et al, 2017). It assesses Interpersonal Manipulation and Callous Affect (F1P), Erratic Lifestyle , and Criminal Tendencies (F2P) with seven items each (1 = disagree strongly to 5 = agree strongly ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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To be fooled or not to be fooled: Approach and avoidance facets of Machiavellianism.

Blötner¹,

Bergold²

2022

Psychological Assessment

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The antagonistic personality trait Machiavellianism (Mach) should be characterized by duplicity, proclivity to manipulation, cynical disregard of others, long-term planning, and low aggression. Opposed to theoretical descriptions, recent studies revealed links between Mach and neuroticism, impulsivity, and aggression. The advantages of a multidimensional assessment of Mach are well known but were seldom implemented. Hence, differential effects within Mach have often been neglected. Based on previous research on basic motivational orientations, we derived two facets-Machiavellian approach and Machiavellian avoidance.These facets account for exploitative, strategic striving for resources and for misanthropic, distrustful loss-prevention, respectively. In two studies (total N = 1,000, 21% men), we found support for the two-factor structure, for measurement invariance across sexes, and the nomological network of the 8-item Machiavellian Approach and Avoidance Questionnaire (MaaQ). As expected, Machiavellian approach was primarily associated with hope for power, whereas Machiavellian avoidance was linked to affective criteria and aggression. Both approach and avoidance shared links with disagreeableness, dishonesty, and cynicism. Furthermore, they correlated with other Mach scales. The findings explain counterintuitive links with other constructs found in earlier studies and thereby further the understanding of Mach.

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Section: Discussion Study 2 and General Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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To be fooled or not to be fooled: Approach and avoidance facets of Machiavellianism.

Blötner¹,

Bergold²

2022

Psychological Assessment

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“…Note that all CFIs in the analyses of MI indicated less than acceptable fit (< .90), whereas all RMSEAs were acceptable (< .08; Hu & Bentler, 1999). However, these findings are consistent with earlier analyses of the SD4 (Blötner et al, 2021;Neumann et al, 2021;Paulhus et al, 2020) 2009). By allowing marginal cross-loadings, ESEMs accounted for acceptable fit, CFIs = .90 and .91 in the US and German samples, respectively, both RMSEAs = .04.…”

Section: Exploratory Structural Equation Modelsupporting

confidence: 85%

Measurement Invariance of the Short Dark Tetrad Across Cultures and Genders

Blötner

Webster

Wongsomboon

2023

European Journal of Psychological Assessment

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Abstract. The last two decades revealed a plethora of scientific examinations on the Dark Triad (narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism) and Dark Tetrad traits (Dark Triad + sadism) in a variety of contexts. Short scales for the assessment of these traits have been very influential and widely used. Building upon previous research, the 28-item Short Dark Tetrad (SD4) was introduced as a measure for the assessment of the Dark Tetrad traits. A recent study found that the SD4 is invariant across genders, but little is known concerning invariance across cultures. Therefore, we tested measurement invariance (MI) between German and US participants. Additionally, we replicated extant findings on MI across genders. The analyses suggested configural MI across cultures, metric MI between genders in a US sample, and scalar MI across genders in a German sample. To address that the SD4 revealed only a modest fit in the samples, we further computed Exploratory Structural Equation Models. Those were mostly consistent with the original model structure and indicated that adding marginal cross-loadings among the factors accounts for enhanced model fit. Possible explanations for the findings related to MI were discussed.

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“…The article entitled “The nomological network of the Short Dark Tetrad Scale (SD4)” by Christian Blötner, Matthias Ziegler, Caroline Wehner, Mitja D. Back, & Michael P. Grosz ( European Journal of Psychological Assessment , 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000655) has now been published as an open access article with “© The Author(s)” and under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license.…”

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confidence: 99%

Correction to Blötner et al., 2021

2022

European Journal of Psychological Assessment

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The Nomological Network of the Short Dark Tetrad Scale (SD4)

Cited by 37 publications

References 57 publications

To be fooled or not to be fooled: Approach and avoidance facets of Machiavellianism.

To be fooled or not to be fooled: Approach and avoidance facets of Machiavellianism.

Measurement Invariance of the Short Dark Tetrad Across Cultures and Genders

Correction to Blötner et al., 2021

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