The No Apical Meristem Gene of Petunia Is Required for Pattern Formation in Embryos and Flowers and Is Expressed at Meristem and Primordia Boundaries

Souer, Erik; Houwelingen, Adèle van; Kloos, Daisy; Mol, J.G.J.; Koes, Ronald

doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81093-4

Cited by 919 publications

(745 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Protein of this family contains a highly conserved N-terminal DNA-binding domain and a diversified C-terminal domain. NAC was derived from the names of the first three described proteins containing the DNA-binding domain, namely NAM (no apical meristem), ATAF1-2 and CUC2 (cup-shaped cotyledon) (Souer et al 1996;Aida et al 1997). NAC proteins appear to be widespread in plants but no homolog has been identified thus far in other eukaryotes (Riechmann et al 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The early reported NAC genes have been implicated in various aspects of plant development. For examples, NAM from petunia (Souer et al 1996) and CUC1-2 (Aida et al 1997) from Arabidopsis are expressed in the primordial and meristem boundaries and playing important roles in controlling the formation of boundary cell and their mutants failed to develop shoot apical meristem. NAP (Sablowski and Meyerowitz 1998) from Arabidopsis acts as a target gene of AP3/PI to function in the transition between growth by cell division and cell expansion in stamens and petals.…”

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Characterization of transcription factor gene SNAC2 conferring cold and salt tolerance in rice

et al. 2008

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Plants respond to adverse environment by initiating a series of signaling processes including activation of transcription factors that can regulate expression of arrays of genes for stress response and adaptation. NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) is a plant specific transcription factor family with diverse roles in development and stress regulation. In this report, a stress-responsive NAC gene (SNAC2) isolated from upland rice IRA109 (Oryza sativa L. ssp japonica) was characterized for its role in stress tolerance. SNAC2 was proven to have transactivation and DNA-binding activities in yeast and the SNAC2-GFP fusion protein was localized in the rice nuclei. Northern blot and SNAC2 promoter activity analyses suggest that SNAC2 gene was induced by drought, salinity, cold, wounding, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. The SNAC2 gene was over-expressed in japonica rice Zhonghua 11 to test the effect on improving stress tolerance. More than 50% of the transgenic plants remained vigorous when all WT plants died after severe cold stress (4-8°C for 5 days). The transgenic plants had higher cell membrane stability than wild type during the cold stress. The transgenic rice had significantly higher germination and growth rate than WT under high salinity conditions. Over-expression of SNAC2 can also improve the tolerance to PEG treatment. In addition, the SNAC2-overexpressing plants showed significantly increased sensitivity to ABA. DNA chip profiling analysis of transgenic plants revealed many up-regulated genes related to stress response and adaptation such as peroxidase, ornithine aminotransferase, heavy metal-associated protein, sodium/hydrogen exchanger, heat shock protein, GDSL-like lipase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase. Interestingly, none of the up-regulated genes in the SNAC2-overexpressing plants matched the genes up-regulated in the transgenic plants over-expressing other stress responsive NAC genes reported previously. These data suggest SNAC2 is a novel stress responsive NAC transcription factor that possesses potential utility in improving stress tolerance of rice.

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Characterization of transcription factor gene SNAC2 conferring cold and salt tolerance in rice

et al. 2008

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“…NAC proteins have been implicated to participate in a wide range of plant developmental processes, including shoot apical meristem development [10,23-26], floral morphogenesis [27], lateral root development [15,28], leaf senescence [29,30], stress inducible flowering induction [31,32], embryo development [11], cell cycle control [33-35], hormone signaling [15,18,33,36], grain nutrient remobilization [30,37] and shoot branching determination [38]. Particularly, numerous NAC domain proteins have also been implicated in plant abiotic stresses and defense responses such as drought, salinity, cold shock, mechanical wounding and viral infection [18,20,28,36,39-47].…”

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confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Analysis of NAC Domain Transcription Factor Gene Family in Populus trichocarpa

et al. 2010

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BackgroundNAC (NAM, ATAF1/2 and CUC2) domain proteins are plant-specific transcriptional factors known to play diverse roles in various plant developmental processes. NAC transcription factors comprise of a large gene family represented by more than 100 members in Arabidopsis, rice and soybean etc. Recently, a preliminary phylogenetic analysis was reported for NAC gene family from 11 plant species. However, no comprehensive study incorporating phylogeny, chromosomal location, gene structure, conserved motifs, and expression profiling analysis has been presented thus far for the model tree species Populus.ResultsIn the present study, a comprehensive analysis of NAC gene family in Populus was performed. A total of 163 full-length NAC genes were identified in Populus, and they were phylogeneticly clustered into 18 distinct subfamilies. The gene structure and motif compositions were considerably conserved among the subfamilies. The distributions of 120 Populus NAC genes were non-random across the 19 linkage groups (LGs), and 87 genes (73%) were preferentially retained duplicates that located in both duplicated regions. The majority of NACs showed specific temporal and spatial expression patterns based on EST frequency and microarray data analyses. However, the expression patterns of a majority of duplicate genes were partially redundant, suggesting the occurrence of subfunctionalization during subsequent evolutionary process. Furthermore, quantitative real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to confirm the tissue-specific expression patterns of 25 NAC genes.ConclusionBased on the genomic organizations, we can conclude that segmental duplications contribute significantly to the expansion of Populus NAC gene family. The comprehensive expression profiles analysis provides first insights into the functional divergence among members in NAC gene family. In addition, the high divergence rate of expression patterns after segmental duplications indicates that NAC genes in Populus are likewise to have been retained by substantial subfunctionalization. Taken together, our results presented here would be helpful in laying the foundation for functional characterization of NAC gene family and further gaining an understanding of the structure-function relationship between these family members.

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“…Arabidopsis ATAF1 and ATAF2 were isolated based on their ability to activate the Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter in yeast (Souer et al, 1996). However, only some DNA binding sites in a direct target gene of NAC proteins has been clearly identified to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ATAF2, a NAC Transcription Factor, Binds to the Promoter and Regulates NIT2 Gene Expression Involved in Auxin Biosynthesis

Huh

Lee

Kim

et al. 2012

Molecules and Cells

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The transcription factor ATAF2, one of the plant specific NAC family genes, is known as repressor of pathogenesisrelated genes and responsive to the diverse defense-related hormones, pathogen infection, and wounding stress. Furthermore, it is important to consider that tryptophandependant IAA biosynthesis pathway can be activated by wounding and pathogen. We found that ATAF2pro::GUS reporter was induced upon indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN) treatments. And ataf2 mutant showed reduced sensitivity to IAN whereas 35S::ATAF2 plants showed hyper-sensitivity to IAN. IAN biosynthesis required nitrilase involved in the conversion of IAN to an auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). We found that the NIT2 gene was repressed in ataf2 knockout plants. Expression of both ATAF2 and NIT2 genes was induced by IAN treatment. Transgenic plants overexpressing ATAF2 showed up-regulated NIT2 expression. ATAF2 activated promoter of the NIT2 gene in Arabidopsis protoplasts. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that NIT2 promoter region from position -117 to -82 contains an ATAF2 binding site where an imperfect palindrome sequence was critical to the protein-DNA interaction. These findings indicate that ATAF2 regulates NIT2 gene expression via NIT2 promoter binding.

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The No Apical Meristem Gene of Petunia Is Required for Pattern Formation in Embryos and Flowers and Is Expressed at Meristem and Primordia Boundaries

Cited by 919 publications

References 42 publications

Characterization of transcription factor gene SNAC2 conferring cold and salt tolerance in rice

Characterization of transcription factor gene SNAC2 conferring cold and salt tolerance in rice

Comprehensive Analysis of NAC Domain Transcription Factor Gene Family in Populus trichocarpa

ATAF2, a NAC Transcription Factor, Binds to the Promoter and Regulates NIT2 Gene Expression Involved in Auxin Biosynthesis

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