The Nile Corridor and the Out‐of‐Africa Model An Examination of the Archaeological Record

Variability in the Middle Stone Age of Eastern Africa

“…The Levallois flake removal surface is shaped by the removal of "preparatory" flakes that alter core convexities. These convexities control the fracture pattern that in part dictates the form of the Levallois flake(s) removed from that surface (Van Peer 1992). Levallois flakes and preparatory flakes may be removed using a number of different patterns, including removals from one direction (unidirectional), from opposite ends (bidirectional), about the circumference of the core (centripetal), or subtle variations on these major themes (e.g., unidirectional convergent flaking).…”

The Red Sea, Coastal Landscapes, and Hominin Dispersals

“…130 kya and associated with faunal remains and claims for the exploitation of marine resources (Walter et al, 2000). Sondheim in the hinterland of the Egyptian coastal sector represents a rare cave site with a late Pleistocene archeological sequence (Van Peer, 1998).…”

The Middle Paleolithic of Arabia: The View from the Hadramawt Region, Yemen

“…This hypothesis holds ground as it has been substantiated by data showing a clear resemblance between Middle Paleolithic assemblages from the Nile region and from the Levant (McBurney, 1975 ;Clark, 1989 ;Van Peer, 1998) .…”

“…Although the paleontological, archaeological and genetic evidence is increasingly converging, and suggests an African origin for AMH, there is still disagreement regarding human dispersal routes out of the African continent. Different models of diffusion have been proposed (Kingdon, 1993 ;Lahr and Foley, 1998 ;Van Peer, 1998 ;Hublin, 2000 ;Stringer, 2000 ;Bar-Yosef and Belfer-Cohen, 2001 ;Ambrose, 2003) . Nevertheless, such models remain hypothetical as there is little archaeological data to support them.…”