The Nigeria wealth distribution and health seeking behaviour: evidence from the 2012 national HIV/AIDS and reproductive health survey

Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis; Bamgboye, Elijah A.; Yusuf, Bidemi; Akinyemi, Joshua O.; Issa, Bolakale K; Ngige, Evelyn; Amida, Perpetua; Bashorun, Adebobola; Abatta, Emmanuel

doi:10.1186/s13561-015-0043-9

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Our findings on the effect of neighbourhood SES on the likelihood that children of an educated mother have SAM are in consonance with existing findings [36,37]. These studies showed that the odds of better health outcomes are higher among residents in high socioeconomic areas than persons who reside in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas [36,37]. It is therefore important that the countries with high SAM and high pro-illiterate inequalities in SAM rework their child nutrition policies by taking a cue from countries with a low SAM and low pro-literate inequalities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Decomposing the educational inequalities in the factors associated with severe acute malnutrition among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries

2020

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Background: Low-and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC) have remained plagued with the burden of severe acute malnutrition (SAM). The decomposition of the educational inequalities in SAM across individual, household and neighbourhood characteristics in LMIC has not been explored. This study aims to decompose educational-related inequalities in the development of SAM among under-five children in LMIC and identify the risk factors that contribute to the inequalities. Methods: We pooled successive secondary data from the Demographic and Health Survey conducted between 2010 and 2018 in 51 LMIC. We analysed data of 532,680 under-five children nested within 55,823 neighbourhoods. Severe acute malnutrition was the outcome variable while the literacy status of mothers was the main exposure variable. The explanatory variables cut across the individual-, household-and neighbourhood-level factors of the mother-child pair. Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method was used at p = 0.05.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Decomposing the educational inequalities in the factors associated with severe acute malnutrition among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries

2020

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“…A proxy for socio-economic status was constructed using an asset-based wealth index to capture longer-term wealth [24], as has been used before in studies on health care in low-income countries [25,26]. The wealth index is based on the first factor loading of a principal component analysis of a large set of asset variables and housing characteristics, including details on the housing situation (such as home ownership status, quality of walls, number of rooms, sanitation), durable assets (such as numbers of TVs, fridges, paraffin lamps, bicycles), machinery (irrigation equipment, ploughs, tractors etc.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Financial Burden of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases in Rural Nigeria: Wealth and Gender Heterogeneity in Health Care Utilization and Health Expenditures

et al. 2016

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ObjectivesBetter insights into health care utilization and out-of-pocket expenditures for non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCD) are needed to develop accessible health care and limit the increasing financial burden of NCCDs in Sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsA household survey was conducted in rural Kwara State, Nigeria, among 5,761 individuals. Data were obtained using biomedical and socio-economic questionnaires. Health care utilization, NCCD-related health expenditures and distances to health care providers were compared by sex and by wealth quintile, and a Heckman regression model was used to estimate health expenditures taking selection bias in health care utilization into account.ResultsThe prevalence of NCCDs in our sample was 6.2%. NCCD-affected individuals from the wealthiest quintile utilized formal health care nearly twice as often as those from the lowest quintile (87.8% vs 46.2%, p = 0.002). Women reported foregone formal care more often than men (43.5% vs. 27.0%, p = 0.058). Health expenditures relative to annual consumption of the poorest quintile exceeded those of the highest quintile 2.2-fold, and the poorest quintile exhibited a higher rate of catastrophic health spending (10.8% among NCCD-affected households) than the three upper quintiles (4.2% to 6.7%). Long travel distances to the nearest provider, highest for the poorest quintile, were a significant deterrent to seeking care. Using distance to the nearest facility as instrument to account for selection into health care utilization, we estimated out-of-pocket health care expenditures for NCCDs to be significantly higher in the lowest wealth quintile compared to the three upper quintiles.ConclusionsFacing potentially high health care costs and poor accessibility of health care facilities, many individuals suffering from NCCDs—particularly women and the poor—forego formal care, thereby increasing the risk of more severe illness in the future. When seeking care, the poor spend less on treatment than the rich, suggestive of lower quality care, while their expenditures represent a higher share of their annual household consumption. This calls for targeted interventions that enhance health care accessibility and provide financial protection from the consequences of NCCDs, especially for vulnerable populations.

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“…This is very intuitive because females, irrespective of social status, can be enticed with little monetary gifts by older male partners and get initiated to sexual activities unlike the males. We used adolescents' and youths' economic status as proxies for their parents' economic status which has been found to be correlated with parents' education and sexual risky behaviour among adolescents and young adults 26,41 . This indicated that economical means of parents do not influence timing of sexual debut in their female children unlike among males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversities in timing of sexual debut among Nigerian youths aged 15-24 years: parametric and non-parametric survival analysis approach

Fagbamigbe

Idemudia

2017

Afr H. Sci.

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Objective: This study examined gender, generational, cultural and social diversities in timing of sexual debut among Nigerian youths and determined factors influencing the timings. Methods: We extracted data of respondents aged 15-24 years from 2012 Nigeria nationally representative data. The outcome of interest was time at sexual debut while predictors included residence, marital status, zones, education, religion, age at first marriage. Data was censored, cox proportional hazard and generalized gamma models were used to model age at sexual debut with p=0.05. Results: The median survival time of sexual debut was 19 years, female youths were twice as likely to begin sexual activities than their male counterparts, HR=1.99, 1.87-2.11 while uneducated youths were more than twice likely to have earlier sexual debut than those with higher education, HR=2.19, 1.95-2.25. Likelihood of having had sexual debut was about 30% higher among those aged 20-24 years than those aged 15-19 years, HR=1.27, 1.19-1.36. Conclusion:Females from poor households mostly in rural areas with no education and who married early in life were more likely to have earlier sexual debut. Both teenagers and young adults are on different trajectories of sexual debut but both urgently need sexual and reproductive health education to delay sexual debut.

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The Nigeria wealth distribution and health seeking behaviour: evidence from the 2012 national HIV/AIDS and reproductive health survey

Cited by 43 publications

References 22 publications

Decomposing the educational inequalities in the factors associated with severe acute malnutrition among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries

Decomposing the educational inequalities in the factors associated with severe acute malnutrition among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries

The Financial Burden of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases in Rural Nigeria: Wealth and Gender Heterogeneity in Health Care Utilization and Health Expenditures

Diversities in timing of sexual debut among Nigerian youths aged 15-24 years: parametric and non-parametric survival analysis approach

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