The Nicaraguan Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, HDSS-León: A platform for public health research

Peña, Rodolfo; Pérez, Wilton; Meléndez, Marlon; Källestål, Carina; Persson, Lars‐Åke

doi:10.1177/1403494807085357

Cited by 35 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Nongovernmental organizations, medical companies, and private clinics also offer health care in León. The study was based on an ongoing health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS), covering households from urban and rural communities corresponding to 30% of the population (Pena, Pérez, Meléndez, Källestål, & Persson, 2008). A sample of 520 men and women was randomly selected from the HDSS sampling frame.…”

Section: Study Site and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring HIV- and AIDS-Related Stigma and Discrimination in Nicaragua: Results From a Community-Based Study

Ugarte¹,

Högberg²,

Valladares³

et al. 2013

AIDS Education and Prevention

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Psychometric properties of external HIV-related stigma and discrimination scales and their predictors were investigated. A cross-sectional community-based study was carried out among 520 participants using an ongoing health and demographic surveillance system in León, Nicaragua. Participants completed an 18-item HIV stigma scale and 19 HIV and AIDS discrimination-related statements. A factor analysis found that 15 of the 18 items in the stigma scale and 18 of the 19 items in the discrimination scale loaded clearly into five-and four-factor structures, respectively. Overall Cronbach's alpha of .81 for the HIV stigma scale and .91 for the HIV discrimination scale provided evidence of internal consistency. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis identified that females, rural residents, people with insufficient HIV-related transmission knowledge, those not tested for HIV, those reporting an elevated self-perception of HIV risk, and those unwilling to disclose their HIV status were associated with higher stigmatizing attitudes and higher discriminatory actions towards HIV-positive people. This is the first community-based study in Nicaragua that demonstrates that overall HIV stigma and discrimination scales were reliable and valid in a community-based sample comprised of men and women of reproductive age. Stigma and discrimination were reported high in the general population, especially among sub-groups. The findings in the current study suggest community-based strategies, including the monitor-

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Section: Study Site and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring HIV- and AIDS-Related Stigma and Discrimination in Nicaragua: Results From a Community-Based Study

Ugarte¹,

Högberg²,

Valladares³

et al. 2013

AIDS Education and Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The data include information on, for example, socio-economic characteristics and demographic events. The HDSS in León dates back to the 1990s, and has continuously been updated and expanded [19,37,38]. At the time of this study the HDSS-León included about 56,000 individuals in 13,000 households (31% of the population).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the first step of the survey, the respondent was often the head of household. (This is the usual procedure in HDSS rounds; see [37] for more details.) In the second step, the respondent was the sampled individual.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘“For a better life …“ A study on migration and health in Nicaragua’

Gustafsson

2018

Global Health Action

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Background: Nicaraguans have migrated internally and internationally for centuries due to economic, political and sociocultural factors. Deficiencies in the country’s health care system have produced inequities in people’s access to health care and medicines. Remittances have become an important source of income, partly invested in health.Objectives: The overall aim of the study was to analyse migration–health relations in contemporary Nicaragua within a broader context of socio-economic transformations.Methods: The study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative interview data and quantitative survey data.Results: The findings show that migration is commonly practised as a strategy for making a living and is related to the struggle for a better life. Health concerns are indirectly embedded in people’s mobile livelihoods, but also directly influence migration motives. Furthermore, migration involves both advantages and disadvantages for health. Physical and sexual violence can come to an end for migrating women, health care and medicine can become more accessible for internal migrants, and vulnerabilities caused by environmental disasters can be avoided by moving. Moreover, remittances can improve people’s everyday life and health. Yet migration can also be a stressful and health-damaging event. International migrants, particularly the undocumented, can have problems accessing health care, and also experience much danger at border crossings. Transnational families can suffer emotionally as well as physically due to separation. Findings from the survey show that family members of migrants do not rate their physical health as good as often as non-migrating families.Conclusions: The Nicaraguan population is not guaranteed its social rights of citizenship. This results in mobile livelihoods and the need for translocal social support (e.g. remittances). Migration can have both positive and negative effects on health for migrants and their family members; geographical distance and social differences are key to the outcome.

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“…The Nicaraguan data were derived from the Health and Demographic Surveillance System in the city and surrounding countryside of León, a university town north of the capital, Managua 4, 5, 54. The study period covered 1970–2005.…”

Section: Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surveillance sample included a population of around 55 000 inhabitants in 11 000 households. The surveillance system was established in 1993, followed by repeated updates that provided information on births, deaths and migration in the study area 54. Retrospective reproductive life interviews with women aged 15–49 years in 1993 formed the basis for the analysis of earlier births and deaths.…”

Section: Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child survival revolutions revisited – lessons learned from Bangladesh, Nicaragua, Rwanda and Vietnam

et al. 2017

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Analysing child mortality may enhance our perspective on global achievements in child survival. We used data from surveillance sites in Bangladesh, Nicaragua and Vietnam and Demographic Health Surveys in Rwanda to explore the development of neonatal and under‐five mortality. The mortality curves showed dramatic reductions over time, but child mortality in the four countries peaked during wars and catastrophes and was rapidly reduced by targeted interventions, multisectorial development efforts and community engagement. Conclusion: Lessons learned from these countries may be useful when tackling future challenges, including persistent neonatal deaths, survival inequalities and the consequences of climate change and migration.

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The Nicaraguan Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, HDSS-León: A platform for public health research

Abstract: The HDSS in León has shown that it can serve as a platform for further intervention studies as well as for research training.

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

Measuring HIV- and AIDS-Related Stigma and Discrimination in Nicaragua: Results From a Community-Based Study

Measuring HIV- and AIDS-Related Stigma and Discrimination in Nicaragua: Results From a Community-Based Study

‘“For a better life …“ A study on migration and health in Nicaragua’

Child survival revolutions revisited – lessons learned from Bangladesh, Nicaragua, Rwanda and Vietnam

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